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34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Specific rules of behavior that are agreed upon and shared and that prescribe limits of acceptable behavior
Norms
The study of the sets of rules or guidelines that individuals use to initiate behavior, respond to behavior, and modify behavior
Ethnomethodology
Two or more people taking each other into account
Social interaction
A distance of between 4 and 12 feet; it is used in more impersonal business interactions
Social Distance
People struggling against one another for some commonly prized object or value
Conflict
Anything people are conscious of doing because of other people
Social Action
Planned, highly institutionalized and clearly defined statuses and role relationship
Formal Structure
A type of behavior that whites engage in that is offensive to blacks
Curiosity factor
Defininf boundaries choosing leaders making decisions assigning tasks and controlling new members' behavior
Group functions
The study of how slight nods, yawns, postural shift, nonverbal cues, and other body movements
Kinesics
A formal, rationally organized social structure with clearly defined patterns of activity in which, ideally, every series of actions is functionally related to the purpose of the organization
Bureaucracy
The domination of an organization by a small, self-serving, self-perpetuating group of people in positions of power and responsibility
Oligarchy
The ordered social relationships that grow out of the values,norms,statuses, and roles that organize those activities that fulfill society's fundamental needs
Social institutions
A group or social category that an individual uses to help define beliefs, attitudes, and values and to guide behavior
Reference groups
The smallest possible group; it contains two members
Dyad
A group consisting of three members
Triad
A splinter group within a larger group
Subgroup
One of the multiple statuses a person occupies that seems to dominate the others in patterning a person's life
Master Status
Statuses occupied as a result of an individual's actions
Achieved status
Culturally defined rules for proper behavior that are associated with every status
Roles
Conflicting demands attached to the same role
Role strain
An inability to enact the roles of one status without violating those of another status
Role conflict
People temporarily in physical proximity to one another, but who share little else
Social aggregate
A group that has relatively little intimacy, has specific goals, is formally organized and is impersonal
Secondary group
Someone who occupies a central role or position of dominance and influence in a group.
Leader
One of the first sociologist to stress the importance of social interactions; he also developed a model of bureaucracy
Max Weber
A pioneer in studying the context of social interaction
Edward T. Hall
A pioneer in defining and demonstrating the importance of primary groups
Charles Horton Cooley
The first sociologist to emphasize the effect of the size of a group on the interaction process
George Simmel
Conduct importante research showing that a substantial proportion of individual were willing to deny the evidence of their senses to conform to the group
Solomon Asch
Proposed that it was important to study the commonplace aspects of everyday life
Harold Garfinkel
A student of bureaucracy, he developed the Iron Law of Oligarchy
Robert Michels
Provided a glimpse of how blacks and whites offend each other without being aware of it.
Lena Williams
Developed an approach that focusedon how people try to create a favorable impression of themselves and the manner in which others judge their performances
Ervin Goffman