Chapter 5: Infection Control: Principles & Practices

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Clean

Back 1

A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs

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Cleaning

Back 2

Mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs. Also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection. Cleaning is what cosmetologists are required to do before disinfecting.

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Sanitizing

Back 3

Chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level

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Disinfection

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Chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms on environmental surfaces

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OSHA

Back 5

Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Created as part of the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) to regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees in the workplace

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DOL

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U.S. Department of Labor

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Hazard Communication Standard (HCS)

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Requires that chemical manufactures and importers assess and communicate the potential hazards associated with their products

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Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

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As of June 2015, both federal and state laws require that manufacturers supply a Safety Data Sheet for all chemical products manufactured and sold. Contains 16 categories of information and all SDS sheets will be organized identically.

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SDS' 16 Categories of Information 1-8

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1. Identification

2. Hazard Identification

3. Composition/Information on ingredients

4. First-aid measures

5. Fire-fighting measures

6. Accidental release measures

7. Handling and storage

8. Exposure controls/personal protection

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SDS' 16 Categories of Information 9-16

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9. Physical and chemical properties

10. Stability and reactivity

11. Toxicology information

12. Ecological Information

13. Disposal consideration

14. Transport Information

15. Regulatory Information

16. Revision date

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SDS Category 1: Identification

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Product identifier; manufacturer or distributor with contact information (including emergency phone number); recommended use of product and restrictions on use.

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SDS Category 2: Hazard Identification

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All hazards of using the chemical

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SDS Category 3: Composition/Information

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Includes information on chemical ingredients

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SDS Category 4: First-aid Measures

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Includes important symptoms/effects- acute and delayed; required treatment

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SDS Category 5: Fire-fighting measures

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Lists suitable extinguishing techniques, equipment; chemical hazards from fire

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SDS Category 6: Accidental release measures

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Lists emergency procedures, protective equipment; proper methods of containment and clean up

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SDS Category 7: Handling and storage

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Lists precautions for safe handling and storage, including incompatibilities

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SDS Category 8: Exposure controls/personal protection

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Lists OSHA's Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL); Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

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SDS Category 9: Physical and chemical properties

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Lists the chemical's characteristics

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SDS Category 10: Stability and reactivity

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Lists chemical stability and possibility of hazardous reactions

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SDS Category 11: Toxicology information

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Includes routes of exposure, related symptoms, acute and chronic effects

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SDS Category 12: Ecological information

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Includes effects on wastewater and environment

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SDS Category 13: Disposal consideration

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Includes proper disposal and disposal restrictions

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SDS Category 14: Transport information

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Includes restrictions on transportation

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SDS Category 15: Regulatory information

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Lists agencies responsible for regulation of product

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SDS Category 16: Revision date

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Lists original date of document and any revision

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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

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Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States.

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Disinfectants

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Chemical products that destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces

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Skull and Crossbones

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-Acute toxicity (fatal or toxic)

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Environment (Non-Mandatory)

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-Aquatic toxicity

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Flame Over Circle

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-Oxidizers

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Exploding Bomb

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-Explosives

-Self-reactives

-Organic peroxides

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Exclamation Mark

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-Irritant (skin and eye)

-Skin sensitizer

-Acute toxicity (harmful)

-Narcotic effects

-Respiratory tract irritant

-Hazardous to Ozone Layer (non-mandatory)

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Gas Cylinder

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-Gasses under pressure

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Corrosion

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-Skin corrosion/burns

-Eye damage

-Corrosive to metals

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Flame

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-Flammables

-Pyrophorics

-Self-heating

-Emits flammable gas

-Self-reactives

-Organic peroxides

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Health Hazard

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-Carcinogen

-Mutagenicity

-Reproductive toxicity

-Respiratory sensitizer

-Target organ toxicity

-Aspiration toxicity

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Infectious

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Cause by or capable of being transmitted by infection

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Hospital disinfectants

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Designated by the EPA as being effective enough to be used in a hospital setting

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Disease

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Abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, which makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function

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Tuberculocidal disinfectants

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Proven to kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis in addition to the pathogens destroyed through use of hospital disinfectants