Chapter 5 Infection Control

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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

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Abbreviated aids a disease that breaks down the body's immune system AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus

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Acquired immunity

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Immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease through inoculation such as flu vaccinations or through exposure to natural alligence such as pollen cat dander and ragweed

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Allergy

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Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods chemicals or other normally harmless substances

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Antiseptics

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Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration

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Aseptic procedures

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A process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies to reduce contamination

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A symptomatic

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Showing no symptoms or signs of infection

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Autoclave

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A device for sterilization by steam under pressure

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Bacilli

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Short rod shaped bacteria they are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus typhoid fever tuberculosis and diphtheria

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Bacteria singular bacterium

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One celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics some more harmful some are harmless

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Bactericidal

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Capable of destroying bacteria

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Binary fission

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The division of bacterial cells into two new cells called daughter cells

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Bioburden

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The number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on a surface or object before decontamination or sterilization

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Bloodborne pathogens

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Disease causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids such as hepatitis and HIV

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Body substance isolation

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Abbreviated BSI a system of precautions develop by a Seattle hospital in 1987 to prevent contact with bodily substance and fluids by using protective apparel to prevent the spread of communicable disease

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Chelating soaps

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Also known as chelating detergents; detergent that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs salts and masks

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Clean

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Also known as cleaning a mechanical process scrubbing using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt debris and many disease-causing germs cleaning also removes invisible to breed that interferes with this infection

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Cocci

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Round shaped bacteria that appear singly alone or in groups the three types of cocci are staphylococci streptococci and diplococci

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Contagious disease

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Also known as communicable disease a disease that is spread from one person to another person some of the more contagious diseases are the common cold ringworm conjunctivitis pink eye viral infections and natural nail or toe and foot infections

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Contamination

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The presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item surface or visible debris or residue such as dust hair and skin

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Cross contamination

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Contamination that occurs when you touch one object and then transfer the contents of that object to another such as touching skin then touching a product without washing your

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Decontamination

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The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust hair and skin

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Dermatophytes

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A type of funkyi that causes skin hair and nail infections

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Diagnosis

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Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and or diagnostic tests federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis

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Diplococci

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Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and caused diseases such as pneumonia

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Direct transmission

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Transmission of blood or bodily fluids through touching including shaking hands kissing coughing sneezing and talking

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Disease

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An abnormal condition of all or part of the body or its systems or organs that makes the body incapable capable of carrying on normal function

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Disinfectants

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Chemical products that destroy all bacteria fungi and viruses but not spores on services

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Disinfection

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Also known as disinfecting the process that eliminates most but not necessarily all microorganisms on non porous surfaces this process is not effective against bacterial spores

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Efficacy

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The ability to produce an effect

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Exposure incident

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Contact with nonintact broken skin blood body fluid or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee's duties

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Flagella

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Also known as cilia slender hair like extension use by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion moving about

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Folliculitis

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Also known as folliculitis barbae a sychosis barbae or Barber's itch Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a baterial infection from ingrown hairs the cause is typically from ingrown hairs do to shaving or other epilation methods

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Fungi singular fungus

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Microscopic plant parasites which include mold mildew and yeasts can produce temptations diseases such as ringworm

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Fungicidal

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Capable of destroying fungi

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Hepatitis

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A blood borne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver

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Hospital disinfectants

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Disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids

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Human immunodeficiency virus

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Abbreviated HIV a pathogen that is most often the precursor to acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS by comparing or killing the immune system affected with it HIV progressively destroys the body's ability to fight infections or certain cancers

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Human papillomavirus

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Abbreviated HPV and also known as plantar warts a virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots usually in clustered groups

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Immunity

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The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired as a sign of good health

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Indirect transmission

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Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor extractor and nipper or an environmental service

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Infection

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The invasion of body tissues by disease causing pathogens

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Infection control

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The method used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms

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Infectious

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Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection

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Infectious disease

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Disease caused by pathogenic harmful microorganisms that enter the body and infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person

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Inflammation

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Condition in which the body reacts to injury irritation or infection characterized by redness heat pain and swelling

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Local infection

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Infections such as a pimple or abscess that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus

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Material safety data sheet

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Abbreviated MSDS information compiled by the manufacturer about product safety including the names of hazardous ingredients safe handling and use procedures precautions to reduce the risk of accidental or more over exposure and flammability warnings

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Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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Abbreviated MRSI a type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics

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Microorganism

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Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size

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Mildew

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A type of fungus that affect plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the salon

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Motility

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Self movement

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Multi-use

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Also known as reusable items that can be cleaned disinfected and used on more than one person even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid

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Myco bacterium fortuitum

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A microscopic germs that normally exists in tap water in small numbers

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Natural immunity

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Immunity that is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living

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Non pathogenic

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Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not to cause disease or harm

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Nonporous

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An item that is made are constructed of a material that has no pores are openings and cannot absorb

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Occupational disease

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Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment such as Pro lawn and repeat it over exposure to certain products

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Parasites

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Organisms that grow feed and shelter on or in another organism referred to as the host while contributing nothing to the survival of the organism parasites must have a hose to survive

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Parasitic disease

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Disease caused by parasites such as lice and mites

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Pathogenic

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Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body

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Pathogenic Disease

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Disease produced by organisms including bacteria viruses fungi and parasites

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Personal protective equipment

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Abbreviated PPE protective clothing and devices designed to protect an individual from contact with blood borne pathogens examples include gloves fluid resistant lab coat apron or gown goggles or eye shield and face masks that cover the nose and mouth

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Phenolic disinfectants

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Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants they are former formaldehyde have a very high pH and can damage the skin and eyes

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Porous

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Made or constructed of a material that has pores are openings porous items are absorbent

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Puss

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A fluid created by infection

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Quaternary ammonium compounds

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Also known as quats disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon

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Sanitizing

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A chemical process for reducing the number of disease causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level

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Scabies

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I'm contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite which burrows under the skin

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Single use

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Also known as disposable items that cannot be used more than once these items cannot be properly cleaned so that visible residue is removed or they are damaged or contaminated by cleaning and disinfecting in an exposure incident

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Sodium hypochlorite

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Common household bleach ineffective disinfectant for the

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Spirilla

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Spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria that cause diseases such as syphilis and Lyme disease

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Standard precautions

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Abbreviated SP precautions such as worried personal protective equipment to prevent skin and mucous membrane wear contact with a client's blood body fluids secretions except sweat excretions not intact skin and mucous membranes is likely workers must assume that all blood and body fluids are potential sources of infection regardless of the procedure is

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Staphylococci

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Pus forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes they cause abscesses pustules and boils

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Sterilization

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The process that completely destroys all microbial life including spores

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Streptococci

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Pus forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads they cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning

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Systemic disease

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Disease that affects the body as a whole often due to under functioning or over functioning of internal glands or organs this disease is carried through the bloodstream or the lymphatic system

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Tinea pedis

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A ringworm fungus of the foot or athlete's foot

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Tinea versicolor

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Also known as sunspots a non-contagious fungal infection which is characterized by white or very color patches on the skin and is often found in arms and legs

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Toxins

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Various poisonous substances reproduce by some microorganisms bacteria and viruses

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Tuberculocidal disinfectants

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Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis

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Tuberculosis

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A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing

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Universal precautions

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Abbreviated UP a set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and employee to assume that all human blood in body fluids are infectious for blood borne pathogens

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Virucidal

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Capable of destroying viruses

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Virus plural viruses

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A parasitic microscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms A virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function