Chapter 5 Evidence-Based Practice

Front 1

Define Evidence Based Practice

Back 1

A problem solving approach to clinical practice that integrates the conscientious use of best evidence in combination with the clinicians expertise and client preferences and values in making decisions about client care.

Front 2

Name the 5 Steps of Evidence Based Practice.

Back 2

1. Ask a clinical question
2. Collect the relevant and best evidence
3. Critically appraise the evidence you gather
4. Integrate all evidence with one's clinical expertise and client preferences and values in making a practice decision or change.
5. Evaluate the practice decision or change.

Front 3

What is a problem-focused trigger?

Back 3

A problem that you face while caring for a client or a trend you see on a nursing unit.
Ex: What is the best solution to use when giving mouth care to this client?
Ex: "How an I reduce falls on my unit?"

Front 4

What is a knowledge focused trigger?

Back 4

Knowledge focused triggers are questions regarding new information available on a topic.
Ex: What is the current evidence to improve pain management in clients with migraine headaches?

Front 5

What is a PICO question?

Back 5

When you ask a question and then go to scientific literature, you don't want to read 100 articles. Forming PICO questions will help lead you to the best 4-6 articles. PICO questions allow you to ask questions that are intervention focused.

Front 6

What does each letter stand for in PICO questioning.

Back 6

P= Patient Population of Interest
I= Intervention of Interest
C= Comparison of Interest
O=Outcome

Front 7

Explain the Hierarchy of Available Evidence.

Back 7

1-Opinions of authorities or expert committees.
2. Internal Orginization (Quality/Risk Management)
3. Systematic Reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies
4. Well-Designed case control studies
5. One well designed RCT
6. Systemic Reviews and meta-analysis of RCT's

Front 8

What is outcomes management research?

Back 8

Research designed to assess and document the effectiveness of healthcare services and interventions.

Front 9

Describe Historical Research.

Back 9

Studies designed to establish facts and relationships concerning past events.

Front 10

Describe Exploratory Research.

Back 10

Initial study designed to develop or refine the dimensions of phenomena or to develop or refine a hypothesis about the relationship among phenomena.

Front 11

Describe Evaluation Research.

Back 11

Study that tests how well a program, practice, or policy is working.

Front 12

Descriptive Research.

Back 12

Study that measures characteristics of persons, situations, or groups and the frequency with which certain events or characteristics occur.

Front 13

Experimental Research.

Back 13

Study in which the investigator controls the study variable and randomly assigns subjects to different conditions to test the variable.

Front 14

Correlational Research.

Back 14

Study that explores the interrelationships among variables of interest without any active intervention by the researcher.

Front 15

Define quantitative nursing research.

Back 15

the study of nursing phenomena that offers precise measurement and quantification.

Front 16

Name some examples of quantitative research.

Back 16

1. Surveys
2. Experimental Research
3. Evaluation Research

Front 17

Define qualitative research.

Back 17

The study of phenomena that are difficult to quantify or categorize.

Front 18

Define inductive reasoning.

Back 18

Inductive reasoning develops generalizations or theories from specific observations or interviews.