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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What term describes an upward fold in rock layers with the oldest layer in thecenter of the fold?
Anticline
What type of stress squeezes crustal rocks together?
Compression
What describes the bending, tilting, and breaking of the Earth's crust?
Deformation
What describes a break in rock along which rocks on either side of the break move?
Fault
What is the surface of a fault along which movement of rock occurs?
Fault plane
Permanent deformation or bending of a rock under stress.
Folding
In a nonvertical fault, the rock below the fault plane.
Footwall
Break in rock along which there is no movement.
Fracture
In a nonvertical fault, the rock above the fault plane.
Hanging Wall
Balancing of forces pressing up and down on the Earth's crust.
Isostasy
Up-and-down movements of earth's crust to reach isostasy.
Isostatic Adjustment
A fold in rock layer in which both limbs remain horizontal.
Monocline
Fault in which hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
Normal Fault
Fault in which hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.
Reverse Fault
Stress that pushes rocks in opposite horizontal directions.
Shearing
Up-and-down movements of earth's crust to reach isostasy.
Isostatic Adjustment
The amount of force placed on a given material.
Stress
Fault in which the rock on either side of a fault plane slides horizontally.
Strike-Slip Fault
A fold in rock layer in which both limbs remain horizontal.
Monocline
Downcurved fold in rock layers with the youngest layer in the center.
Syncline
Up-and-down movements of earth's crust to reach isostasy.
Isostatic Adjustment
Fault in which hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
Normal Fault
A fold in rock layer in which both limbs remain horizontal.
Monocline
Fault in which hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.
Reverse Fault
Fault in which hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
Normal Fault
Stress that pushes rocks in opposite horizontal directions.
Shearing
Fault in which hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.
Reverse Fault
Stress that pushes rocks in opposite horizontal directions.
Shearing
The amount of force placed on a given material.
Stress
The amount of force placed on a given material.
Stress
Fault in which the rock on either side of a fault plane slides horizontally.
Strike-Slip Fault
Downcurved fold in rock layers with the youngest layer in the center.
Syncline
Fault in which the rock on either side of a fault plane slides horizontally.
Strike-Slip Fault
Downcurved fold in rock layers with the youngest layer in the center.
Syncline
Stress that pulls rocks apart.
Tension
Type of reverse fault in which the fault plane is nearly horizontal rather than vertical.
Thrust Fault
Landform created when molten rock pushes up rock layers on the Earth's surface and the layers then are worn away in places, leaving separate high peaks.
Dome Mountain(s)
Mountains formed where faulting breaks the Earth's crust into large blocks that become tilted, causing some blocks to drop down relative to other blocks.
Fault-Block Mountain(s)
Landform created whe tectonic movements bend and uplift rock layers.
Folded Mountain(s)
Long,narrow valley formed by faulting and downward slippage of a crustal block.
Graben
Group of large mountain systems.
Mountain Belt
Group of adjacent mountains with the same general shape and structure.
Mountain Range
Group of adjacent mountain ranges.
Mountain System
Large area of flat-topped rocks high above sea level.
Plateau
Mountain formed when molten rock erupts onto the Earth's surface.
Volcanic Mountain