Chapter 5 Biology 1610

Front 1

Phospholipid

Back 1

Has a head and fatty acid legs. The head is hydrophilic and the feet are hydrophobic. They are considered antipathy since they are polar and non-polar

Front 2

Lipid Saturation

Back 2

unsaturated and saturated

Front 3

Cholesterol

Back 3

increases the fluidity of the membrane, prevents them from forming solid structures

Front 4

Lipid Rafts

Back 4

Similar lipids stick together and move through there together

Front 5

Transporter

Back 5

move things in and out of the cell

Front 6

Receptor

Back 6

will bind to molecules and instead of moving it through it just relays a message into the cell

Front 7

Enzyme

Back 7

can be involved in chemical reaction

Front 8

Anchor

Back 8

anchoring a cell to another cell or to a surface

Front 9

Integral

Back 9

they are in the membrane

Front 10

Peripheral

Back 10

outside of the membrane, hang out on the surface of the membrane

Front 11

Transmembrane

Back 11

they fully cross the membrane

Front 12

Diffusion

Back 12

high concentration to low concentration, passive movement, random movement of molecules- molecules are constantly moving

Front 13

Facilitated Diffusion

Back 13

proteins move things across the membrane, like larger particles

Front 14

Osmosis

Back 14

the diffusion of water across the membrane

Front 15

Primary Transport

Back 15

When we move just one type of molecule being transported to the other side of the cell

Front 16

Secondary Transport

Back 16

have blue protons are pumped out through primary active transport and that is electrochemical gradient where we ahve more on the outside so they transport "orange squares" to the outside. It is not using energy it is a reaction to primary transport

Front 17

Electrochemical Gradient

Back 17

the difference of charged molecules on the outside and the inside of the cell. The inside is usualy more negatively charged than the outside. Creates a lot of potential energy.

Front 18

Contrast how cells with and without a cell wall maintain their shape.

Back 18

Cells have a cytoskeleton that can help them maintain their shape. Plant cells have vacuoles and if the vacuoles fill up with water it puts pressure on the cell membrane. A normal cell/ a cell without a cell membrane, could potentially burst.

Front 19

Exocytosis

Back 19

things exiting the cell

Front 20

Endocytosis

Back 20

the cell will surround the molecules (whatever that may be) and bring them to the inside

Front 21

Nucleus

Back 21

stores genetic material

Front 22

Rough ER

Back 22

Makes proteins

Front 23

Smooth ER

Back 23

makes lipids

Front 24

Golgi Apparatus

Back 24

involved in modifying and labeling our proteins. Sometimes referred to as the post office. It labels them and tells them where to go.

Front 25

Lysosomes

Back 25

involved in breaking down molecules or "digesting" the molecules

Front 26

Mitochondria

Back 26

where we make energy

Front 27

Chloroplasts

Back 27

Used for photosynthesis