Chapter 5 - Anxiety

Front 1

Anxiety

Back 1

state of apprehension, tension and worry

Front 2

fight or flight response

Back 2

Physiological changes in the human body that

occur in response to a perceived threat,

including the secretion of glucose, endorphins, and hormones as well as the elevation of heart rate, metabolism, blood pressure, breathing,

and muscle tension

Front 3

Post Traumatic stress

disorder (PTSD)

Back 3

an anxiety disorder characterized by (1)

repeated mental images of experiencing

a traumatic event, (2) emotional numbing and

detachment, and (3) hyper vigilanceand chronic arousal

Front 4

PTSD with prominent dissociative

(depersonalization/derealization) symptoms

Back 4

syndrome marked by frequent episodes of

feeling detached from one's own body and

mental processes, as if one were an outside

observer of oneself; symptoms must cause

significant distress or interferences with one's

ability to function

Front 5

Adjustment Disorder

Back 5

stress-related disorder that involves emotional and behavioral symptoms (depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms, and/or

antisocial behaviors) that arise within 3 months ofthe onset of a stressor

Front 6

Stress- inoculation therapy

Back 6

a form of cognitive-behavior therapy that

focuses on developing skills that allow the individual to cope with stress

Front 7

Animal-type phobias

Back 7

extreme fears of specific animals that may induce immediate and intense panic attacks and cause the individual to go to great

lengths to avoid the animals

Front 8

Natural environment type phobias

Back 8

extreme fears of events or situations in the

natural environment that cause impairmentin one's ability to function normally

Front 9

Situational Type Phobias

Back 9

extreme fears of situations such as public

transportation, tunnels, bridges, elevators,

flying, driving, or enclose spaces

Front 10

Blood-injection-injury type phobias

Back 10

extreme fears of seeing blood or an injury or

of receiving an injection or another invasive

medical procedure, which cause a drop in

heart rate and blood pressureand fainting

Front 11

Agoraphobia

Back 11

anxiety disorder characterized by fear of places and situations in which it would be difficult to

escape, such as enclosed places,

open spaces, and crowds

Front 12

Negative reinforcement

Back 12

processin which people avoid being exposed to feared objects

and their avoidance isreinforced by the subsequent reduction of their anxiety

Front 13

Cortisol

Back 13

Hormonethat helps the body respond to stressors, inducing the

fight or flight response

Front 14

Acute Stress Disorder

Back 14

disordersimilar to post-traumatic stress disorder but occurs within

1 month of exposureto the stressor and does not last more than

4 weeks; often involvesdissociative symptoms

Front 15

Specific Phobias

Back 15

extreme fears of specific objects or situations that cause an individual to routinely avoid

those objects or situations

Front 16

Preparedclassical conditioning

Back 16

theory that evolution has prepared people to

be easily conditioned to fear objects or

situations that were dangerous in ancient

times

Front 17

Applied tension technique

Back 17

technique used to treat blood-injection-injury type of phobias in which the therapist teaches

the client to increase his or her blood pressure and heart rate, thus preventingthe client from fainting

Front 18

Social anxiety disorder

Back 18

an anxiety disorder in which the individual

experiences intense fear of public humiliation

or rejection and therefore tends to avoid social situations

Front 19

Panic Attacks

Back 19

short,intense periods during which an

individual experiences physiological and

cognitive symptoms of anxiety, characterized

by intense fear and discomfort

Front 20

Panic disorder

Back 20

disorder characterized by recurrent,

unexpected panic attacks

Front 21

Locus Ceruleus

Back 21

area of the brain stem that plays a part in the emergency response and may beinvolved in

panic attacks

Front 22

Anxiety sensitivity

Back 22

believe that bodily symptoms have harmful

consequences

Front 23

Interoceptive awareness

Back 23

sensitivity to stimuli arising from within the

body, such as heart

rate

Front 24

Interoceptive conditioning

Back 24

process by which symptoms of anxiety that

have preceded panic attacks become the

signals for new panic attacks

Front 25

Conditioned avoidance response

Back 25

behavior that is reinforced because it allows

individuals to avoid situations that cause

anxiety

Front 26

General anxiety disorder (GAD)

Back 26

anxiety disorder characterized by chronic anxiety in daily life

Front 27

Separation Anxiety disorder

Back 27

syndrome of childhood and adolescence marked by the presence

of abnormal fear or worryover becoming separated from one's

caregiver(s) as well as clinging behaviorsin the presence of the

caregiver (s)

Front 28

Behavioral inhibition

Back 28

set of behavioral traits including shyness, fearfulness, irritability,

cautiousness, and introversion; behaviorally inhibited children

tend to avoidor withdraw from novel situations, are clingy with

parents, and becomeexcessively aroused when exposed to

unfamiliar situations

Front 29

Obsessions

Back 29

uncontrollable,persistent thoughts, images, ideas, or impulses

that an individual feelsintrude on his or her consciousness and

that cause significant anxiety ordistress

Front 30

Compulsions

Back 30

repetitivebehaviors or mental acts that an individual feels he or

she must perform

Front 31

Obsessive-compulsive

disorder(OCD)

Back 31

anxietydisorder characterized by obsessions (persistent thoughts) and compulsions(rituals)

Front 32

Hoarding

Back 32

acompulsive disorder characterized by the inability to throw away unneededpossessions (such as trash)

Front 33

Hair-pulling disorder

(Trichotillomania)

Back 33

disordercharacterized by recurrent pulling out of the hair

resulting in noticeable hairloss; these individuals report tension

immediately before or while attemptingto resist the impulse, and pleasure or relief when they are pulling out theirhair

Front 34

Skin-picking disorder

Back 34

adisorder characterized by recurrent picking at scabs or places on

the skin,creating significant lesions that often become infected

and cause scares

Front 35

Body dysmorphic disorder

Back 35

syndromeinvolving obsessive concern over a part of the body the

individual believes isdefective but that others see as normal or

only slightly unusual

Front 36

Exposure and response prevention

Back 36

typeof therapy in which individuals withanxiety symptoms are

exposed repeatedly to the focus of their anxiety butprevented

from avoiding it or engaging in compulsive responses to the

anxiety