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195 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Calc/o, calci/o |
Calcium |
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Kyph/o |
Hunchback, humpback |
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Lamin/o |
Lamina |
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Lord/o |
Curve, sway back |
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Lumb/o |
Loins, lower back |
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Myel/o |
Bone marrow |
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Orth/o |
Straight |
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Oste/o |
Bone |
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Scoli/o |
Crooked, bent |
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Spondyl/o |
Vertebra |
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Vertebr/o |
Vertebra |
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-blast |
Embryonic or immature cell |
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-clast |
To break |
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-listhesis |
Slipping |
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-malacia |
Softening |
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-physis |
To grow |
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-porosis |
Pore, passage |
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-tome |
Instrument to cut |
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Acetabul/o |
Acetabulum (hip socket) |
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Calcane/o |
Calcaneus (heel bone) |
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Carp/o |
Carpal (wrist bone) |
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Clavicul/o |
Clavicle |
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Cost/o |
Ribs |
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Crani/o |
Head |
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Femor/o |
Femur |
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Fibul/o |
Fibula |
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Humer/o |
Humerus |
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Ili/o |
Ilium |
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Ishi/o |
Ishium |
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Malleol/o |
Malleolum (process on each side of the ankle) |
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Mandibul/o |
Mandible |
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Maxil/o |
Maxilary |
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Metacarp/o |
Metacarpal |
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Metatars/o |
Metatarsals |
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Olecran/o |
Olecranon (elbow) |
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Patell/o |
Patella |
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Pelv/i |
Pelvis |
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Perone/o |
Fibula |
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Phalang/o |
Phalanges |
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Pub/o |
Pubis |
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Radi/o |
Radius |
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Scapul/o |
Scapula |
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Stern/o |
Sternum |
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Tars/o |
Tarsals |
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Tibi/o |
Tibia |
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Uln/o |
Ulna |
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Ewing sarcoma |
Rare malignant tumor arising in bones, often in children |
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Exostosis |
Bony growth (benign) arising from the surface of the bone |
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Fracture |
Traumatic breaking of a bone: Colles, Comminuted, Compression, Greenstick, simple, compound |
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Osteosarcoma |
Common malignant tumor arising from the osteoblasts, often in children or adolescents |
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Osteomalacia |
Softening of the bone due to lack of calcium |
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Osteomyelitis |
Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection |
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Osteoporosis |
Decrease in bone density |
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Talipes |
Congenital abnormality of the hind foot involving the talus (ankle) |
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Ankyl/o |
Stiff |
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Arthr/o |
Joint |
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Articul/o |
Joint |
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Burs/o |
Bursa |
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Chondr/o |
Cartilage |
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Ligament/o |
Ligament |
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Rheumat/o |
Watery flow |
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Synov/o |
Synovial membrane |
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Ten/o |
Tendon |
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Tendon/o |
Tendon |
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-desis |
To bind or tie together |
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-stenosis |
Narrowing |
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Ankylosing spondylitis |
Chronic progressive arthritis with stiffening of the joints |
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Gouty arthritis |
Inflammation and painful swelling of the joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body |
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Osteoarthritis |
Progressive degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bones at articular surfaces |
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Rheumatoid arthritis |
Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly synovial joints |
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Bunion |
Enlargement of joint or tissue around the base of the big toe |
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Carpal tunnel syndrome |
Compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligaments, bones, and tendons of the wrist |
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Dislocation |
Displacement of a bone from its joint |
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Ganglion cyst |
Fluid filled sac arising from joint capsule or tendons, typically in the hand |
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Herniation of an invertebral disk |
Abnormal intrusion of an invertebral disk into the spinal nerve or spinal canal |
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Lime disease |
Disorder marked by arthritis, myalgia, and malaise; cause is a bacterium spread by a tick |
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Sprain |
Trauma to ligaments without rupture |
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Fasci/o |
Fascia (forms sheaths enveloping muscles) |
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Fibr/o |
Fibrous connective tissue |
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Leiomy/o |
Smooth muscle tissue that lines the walls of internal organs |
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My/o |
Muscle |
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Myocardi/o |
Cardiac muscle |
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Myos/o |
Muscle |
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Plant/o |
Sole of the foot |
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Rhabdomy/o |
Skeletal muscle connected to bones |
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Sarc/o |
Muscle and flesh |
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-asthenia |
Lack of strength |
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Muscular dystrophy |
A group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system |
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Polymyositis |
Chronic imflammatory myopathy |
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Uric acid test |
Measures uric acid in serum. High levels cause gouty arthritis. |
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Arthrocentesis |
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space |
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Arthrography |
Taking x-ray images after injecting contrast material into a joint |
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Arthroplasty |
Surgical repair or replacement of a joint |
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Arthroscopy |
Visual examination of a joint with an arthroscopic camera and television |
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Bone density test (bone densitometry) |
Low energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist used to measure bone density |
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Bone scan |
Uptake of a radioactive substance is measured in the bone |
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Computed tomography (CT) |
X-ray beam computer provide cross sectional and other images |
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Diskography |
X-ray examination of cervical or lumbar invertebral disk after injection of contrast into the nuclear pulposes (interior of the disk) |
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Electromyography (EMG) |
Recording the strength of muscle contraction due to electrical stimulation |
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
Magnetic field creates images of soft tissue |
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Muscle biopsy |
Removal of muscle tissue for microscopic imaging |
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-ectasis |
Dilation |
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-emesis |
Vomitting |
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-pepsia |
Digestion |
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-phagia |
Eating, swallowing |
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-plasty |
Surgical repair |
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-ptysis |
Spitting |
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-rrhage, -rrhagia |
Bursting forth (of blood) |
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-rrhaphy |
Suture |
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-spasm |
Involuntary contraction of muscles |
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-tresia |
Opening |
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An/o |
Anus |
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Append/o |
Appendix |
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Bucc/o |
Cheek |
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Cec/o |
Cecum |
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Celi/o |
Belly, abdomen |
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Cheil/o |
Lip |
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Cholecyst/o |
Gallbladder |
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Col/o, colon/o |
Colon |
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Dent/i |
Tooth |
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Duoden/o |
Duodenum |
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Fac/i |
Face |
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Ile/o |
Ileum |
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Antinuclear antibody test (ANA) |
Detects an antibody present in serum of patients with systemic lupus, erythematosus, and other autoimmune diseases. |
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Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) |
Measures time it takes for erythrocytes to settle to the bottom of a test tube |
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Rheumatoid factor test (RF) |
Serum is tested for the presence of an antibody found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis |
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Serum calcium (Ca) |
Measurement of calcium level in serum |
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Serum creatine kinase (CK) |
Measurement of the enzyme creatine kinase in serum |
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Jejun/o |
Jejunum |
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Labi/o |
Lip |
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Lapar/o |
Abdomen |
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Lingu/o |
Tongue |
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Mandibul/o |
Mandible |
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Odont/o |
Tooth |
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Or/o |
Mouth |
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Palat/o |
Palate |
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Pancreat/o |
Pancreas |
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Peritone/o |
Peritoneum |
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Pharyng/o |
Throat |
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Proct/o |
Anus and rectum |
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Pylor/o |
Pyloric sphincter |
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Rect/o |
Rectum |
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Sialaden/o |
Salivary gland |
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Sigmoid/o |
Sigmoid colon |
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Stomat/o |
Mouth |
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Uvul/o |
Uvula |
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Amly/o |
Starch |
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Bil/i |
Gall, bile |
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Bilirubin/o |
Bilirubin (bile pigment) |
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Chol/e |
Gall, bile |
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-ase |
Enzyme |
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-chezia |
Defecation, elimination of waste |
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-prandial |
Meal |
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-iasis |
Abnormal condition |
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Anorexia |
Lack of appetite |
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Ascites |
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
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Borborygmus plural: borborygmus |
Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas fluid or both in the gastrointestinal tract |
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Constipation |
Difficulty in passing stools |
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Diarrhea |
Frequent passage of loose watery stool |
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Dysphagia |
Difficulty in swallowing |
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Eructation |
Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth |
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Flatus |
Gas expelled through the anus |
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Hematochezia |
Passage of fresh bright red blood from the rectum |
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Jaundice (icterus) |
Yellow orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia) |
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Melana |
Black tarry stools, feces containing digested blood |
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Nausea |
Unpleasant sensation in the stomach associated with the tendency to vomit |
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Steatorrhea |
Fat in the feces; frothy foul smelling fecal matter |
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Aphthous stomatitis |
Inflammation of the mouth with small painful ulcers |
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Dental caries |
Tooth decay |
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Herpetic stomatitis |
Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpes virus |
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Oral leukoplakia |
White plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth |
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Periodontal disease |
Inflammation and degeneration of gums teeth and surrounding bone (gingivitis) |
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Achalasia |
Failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax |
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Esophageal cancer |
Malignant tumor of the esophagus |
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Esophageal varices |
Swollen varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus |
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Gastric cancer |
Malignant tumor of the stomach |
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) |
Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach (heartburn) |
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Hernia |
Protrusion of an organ or part through the tissues and muscles normally containing it |
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Peptic ulcer |
Open sores in the lining of the stomach or duodenum |
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Anal fistula |
Abnormal tube like passageway near the anus |
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Colonic polyps |
Polyps (benign growths) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon |
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Colorectal cancer |
Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both |
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Crohn's disease |
Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract |
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Diverticulosis |
Abnormal outpouchings (diverticula) in the intestinal wall of the colon |
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Dysentery |
Painful inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection |
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Hemorrhoids |
Swollen twisted varicose veins in the rectal region |
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Ileus |
Loss of peristalsis resulting obstruction of the intestines |
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Inflammatory bowel disease |
Inflammation of the colon and small intestine |
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Intussusception |
Telescoping of the intestines |
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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) |
Group of GI symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation) but without abnormalities in the intestines |
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Ulcerative colitis |
Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers |
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Volvulus |
Twisting of the intestine on itself |
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Cholelithiasis |
Gall stones in the gallbladder |
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Cirrhosis |
Chronic degenerative disease of the liver |
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Celi/o |
Abdomen |