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117 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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epigastric (ep-i-GAS-trik) |
region, located above the stomach
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umbilical (um-BIL-i-kal)
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region, named for the umbilicus, or navel
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hypogastric (hī-pō-GAS-trik) |
region, located below the stomach
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hypochondriac (hī-pō-KON-drē-ak)
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regions, right and left, named for their positions near the ribs, specifi cally near the cartilages (root: chondr/o) of the ribs
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lumbar (LUM-bar)
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regions, right and left, which are located near the small of the back (lumbar region of the spine)
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iliac (IL-ē-ak)
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regions, right and left, named for the upper bone of the hip, the ilium. These regions are also called the inguinal (ING-gwi-nal) regions, with reference to the groin.
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anterior (ventral)
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toward or at the front (belly) of the body
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posterior (dorsal)
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toward or at the back (dorsum) of the body
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medial
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toward the midline of the body
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lateral
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toward the side of the body
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proximal
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nearer to the point of attachment or to a given reference point
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distal
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farther from the point of attachment or from a given reference point
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superior
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above, in a higher position
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inferior
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below, in a lower position
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cranial (cephalad)
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toward the head
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caudal
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toward the lower end of the spine (Latin cauda means “tail”); in humans, in an inferior direction
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superficial (external)
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closer to the surface of the body
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deep (internal)
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closer to the center of the body
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Skull
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cranial
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Face
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facial
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Chest
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thoracic
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Arm
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brachial
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Forearm
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antebrachial
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Wrist
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carpal
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Hand
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manual
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Leg
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crural
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Foot
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pedal
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Toe
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phalangeal
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Thigh
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femoral
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Ankle
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tarsal
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Kneecap
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patellar
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Palm
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palmar
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Pubis
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pubic
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Navel
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umbilical
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Breast
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mammary
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Forehead
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frontal
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Eye
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ocular
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Mouth
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oral
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Armpit
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axillary
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Inner elbow
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antecubital
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Groin
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inguinal
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Fingers
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phalangeal
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Hip
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iliac
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Flank
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lateral abdominal
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Shoulder
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acromial
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Sole of foot
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plantar
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Back of knee
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popliteal
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Buttock
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gluteal
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Small of back
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lumbar
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Sacrum
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sacral
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Shoulder blade
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scapular
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Lateral shoulder
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deltoid
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Neck
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cervical
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Base of skull
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occipital
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Crown
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parietal
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Calf
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sural
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Heel
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calcaneal
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anatomic position (an-a-TOM-ik)
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standing erect, facing forward, arms at sides, palms forward, legs parallel, toes pointed forward; used for descriptions and studies of the body
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decubitus position (dē-KŪ-bi-tus)
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lying down, specifically according to the part of the body resting on a flat surface, as in left or right lateral decubitus, or dorsal or ventral decubitus
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dorsal recumbent position (rē-KUM-bent)
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on back, with legs bent and separated, feet flat; used for obstetrics and gynecology
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Fowler position
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on back, head of bed raised about 18 inches, knees elevated; used to ease breathing and for drainage
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jackknife position (JAK-nīf)
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on back with shoulders elevated, legs flexed and thighs at right angles to the abdomen; used to introduce a tube into the urethra
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knee–chest position
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on knees, head and upper chest on table, arms crossed above head; used in gynecology and obstetrics and for flushing the intestine
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lateral recumbent position
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on the side with one leg flexed, arm position may vary
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lithotomy position (li-THOT-ō-mē)
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on back, legs flexed on abdomen, thighs apart; used for gynecologic and urologic surgery
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prone
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lying face down
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Sims position
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on left side, right leg drawn up high and forward, left arm along back, chest forward resting on bed; used for kidney and uterine surgery, colon examination, and enemas
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supine* (SŪ-pīn)
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lying face up
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Trendelenburg position (tren-DEL-en-berg)
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on back with head lowered by tilting bed back at 45-degree angle; used for pelvic and abdominal surgery, treatment of shock
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abdominal cavity (ab-DOM-i-nal)
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The large ventral cavity below the diaphragm and above the pelvic cavity
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abdominopelvic cavity (ab-dom-i-nō-PEL-vik)
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The large ventral cavity between the diaphragm and pelvis that includes the abdominal and pelvic cavities
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anatomic position (an-a-TOM-ik)
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Standard position for anatomic studies, in which the body is erect and facing forward, the arms are at the sides with palms forward, and the feet are parallel
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cranial cavity (KRĀ-nē-al)
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The dorsal cavity that contains the brain
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diaphragm (DĪ-a-fram)
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The muscle that separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity
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frontal (coronal) plane (ko-RŌN-al)
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Plane of section that separates the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
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pelvic cavity (PEL-vik)
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The ventral cavity that is below the abdominal cavity
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peritoneum (per-i-tō-NĒ-um)
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The large serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers the organs within it
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sagittal plane (SAJ-i-tal)
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Plane that divides the body into right and left portions
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spinal cavity (canal) (SPĪ-nal)
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Dorsal cavity that contains the spinal cord
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thoracic cavity (thō-RAS-ik)
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The ventral cavity above the diaphragm, the chest cavity
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transverse (horizontal) plane (trans-VERS)
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Plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions
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cephal/o
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head – megacephaly (meg-a-SEF-a-le) – abnormal largeness of the head
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cervic/o
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neck – cervicofacial (ser-vi-ko--FA - -shal) - pertaining to the neck and face
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thorac/o
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chest, thorax – thoracotomy (tho--ra-KOT-o—me) – incision (-tomy) into the chest
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abdomin/o
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abdomen - intra-abdominal (in-tra-ab-DOM-i-nal) - within the abdomen
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celi/o
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abdomen – celiocentesis (se--le--o--sen-TE—sis) - surgical puncture (centesis) of the abdomen
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lapar/o
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abdominal wall - laparoscope (LAP-a-ro - -skōp) – Instrument (-scope) for viewing the peritoneal cavity through the abdominal wall
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lumb/o
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lumbar region, lower back – thoracolumbar (tho--rak-o--LUM-bar) - pertaining to the chest and lumbar region
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periton, peritone/o
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peritoneum - peritoneal (per-i-to--NE—al) - pertaining to the peritoneum
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acro
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extremity, end – acrocyanosis (ak-ro - -sī-a-NO—sis) - bluish discoloration of the extremities
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brachi/o
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arm – antebrachium (an-te--BRA--ke—um) - forearm
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dactyl/o
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finger, toe – polydactyly (pol-e--DAK-til-ehaving) - more than the normal number of fingers or toes
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ped/o
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foot - pedometer (pe-DOM-e-ter) - instrument that measures footsteps
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pod/o
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foot – podiatric (po--de--AT-rik) - pertaining to study and treatment of the foot
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circum-
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around – circumoral (ser-kum-OR-al) - around the mouth
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peri-
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around – periorbital (per-e--OR-bit-al) - around the orbit (eye socket)
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intra-
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in, within – intravascular (in-tra-VAS-ku—lar) - within a vessel (vascul/o)
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epi-
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on, over – epithelial (ep-i-THE--le—al) - referring to epithelium, tissue that covers surfaces
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extra-
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outside – extrathoracic (eks-tra-tho--RAS-ik) - outside the thorax
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infra-*
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below – infrascapular (in-fra-SKAP-u—lar) - below the scapula (shoulder blade)
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sub-*
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below, under – sublingual (sub-LING-gwal) - under the tongue (lingu/o)
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inter-
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between – intercostal (in-ter-KOS-tal) - between the ribs (cost/o)
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juxta-
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near, beside – juxtaposition (juks-ta-po--ZI-shun) - a location near or beside another structure
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para-
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near, beside – parasagittal (par-a-SAJ-i-tal) - near or beside a sagittal plane
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retro-
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behind, backward – retrouterine (re-tro - -U--ter-in) - behind the uterus
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supra-
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above – suprapatellar (su-pra-pa-TEL-ar) - above the patella (kneecap)
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digit (DIJ-it)
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A finger or toe (adjective: digital)
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epigastrium (ep-i-GAS-trē-um)
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The epigastric region
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fundus (FUN-dus)
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The base or body of a hollow organ, the area of an organ farthest from its opening
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hypochondrium (hī-pō-KON-drē-um)
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The hypochondriac region (left or right)
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lumen (LŪ-men)
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The central opening within a tube or hollow organ
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meatus (mē-Ā-tus)
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A passage or opening
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orifice (OR-i-fis)
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The opening of a cavity
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os
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Mouth, any body opening
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septum (SEP-tum)
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A wall dividing two cavities
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sinus (SĪ-nus)
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A cavity, as within a bone
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sphincter (SFINK-ter)
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A circular muscle that regulates an opening |
