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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Trees take up essential elements, dissolved in (blank), through the roots.
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Water
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(blank) are elements required by trees in relatively large quantities.
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Macronutrients
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the macro-nutrient (blank) is a constituent of chlorophyll and, if deficient, can cause reduced growth and yellowing of the foliage.
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Nitrogen
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Yellow between the leaf weins is called (blank) and may be the result of mineral deficiencies.
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chlorosis
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It is desirable to use (blank)-(blank) (blank), because they release nutrients, usually nitrogen, over an extended period of time.
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slow-release fertilizers
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the (blank) (blank), listed on the container, gives the relative percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
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fertilizer analysis
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a 50-pound (23kg) bag of 20-10-5 fertilizer contains (blank) pounds (or [blank] kg) of actual nitrogen.
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10 [4.6]
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Manure and sewage sludge are (blank) forms of fertilizer.
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Organic
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If fertilizer "burn" or leaching are potential problems, it may be desirable to use a (blank)-(blank) fertilizer.
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slow-release
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if the concentration of slats within the surrounding soil is much greater than the concentration of solutes (salts) found in the root cells, this leads to a phenomenon known as (blank) (blank), in which water is "drawn out" of the roots.
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reverse osmosis
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the most improtant factor for good uptake of fertilizer elements is adequate (blank).
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water
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True/False-- Suraface application of fertilizer is relatively inexpensive and makes the fertilizer available in the upper few inches (centimeters) of the soil
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TRUE
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What is the biggest problem with deep root fertilization?
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fertilizer placed below absorbing roots
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foliar application of fertilizer is sometimes used to correct (blank) deficiencies.
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Macro nutrient
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Name two limitations to trunk implants and microinjections.
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"a. limitation to trees 4"" diameter and larger
b. not for macro nutrient disorder c. wounds limit repeat applications" |
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wilting, marginal burning, and dieback may be symptoms of excess (blank) (blank) in the root zone.
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fertilizer Salts
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(blank) is the washing out of chemicals down through the soil
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Leaching
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"Fertilizer recommendations should be based on (blank) (blank).
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soil analysis
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two of the most important levels measured in a soil analysis are the (blank) and the salt levels (especially in arid regions).
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pH
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"Studies now show that nitrogen fertilization can trigger a tree's energy allocation toward growth, sometimes at the expense of (blank).
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defense
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Rate often recommended for tree fertilization
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2-4 pounds per 1000 square feet (1-2 kg per 100m^2
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slowly soluble, syntetic fertilizer
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urea formaldehyde
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interveinal foliar yellowing
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chlorosis
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copper, chlorine, boron
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micronutrients
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nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
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complete fertilizer
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fertilizer analysis
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10-6-04
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explain how nutrient can be plentiful according to a soil analysis, yet be deficient in a tree. (fill in the blank)
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lack of water -reverse osmosis-
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if a fertilizer with an analysis of 10-0-0 costs $15 for a 60-pound bag, what will be the fertilizer cost of fertilizing 2000 sqft of root area at the rate of 2 pounds per 1000 square feet?
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$1
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what are the advantages to using slow- release forms of nitrogen?
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"longer time before the next Fertilization-- greener longer; reduce fertilizer burn"
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compare and contrast the various methods of fertilizer application, including surface broadcast, drillhole method, liquid injection, foliar spray, and implants or injections.
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"surface- needs watering
drill hole- damage roots injection- direct to the root ball- damage roots foliar- direct to leaf surface and into plant implant- direct into the xylem cambium" |
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an 80- pound bag of 10-6-4 fertilizer contains how many pounds of actual nitrogen?
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8
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a complete fertilizer contains
a. all 16 essential elements b. nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium c. organic and inorganic nitrogen d. equal amounts of n, p, and K |
nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
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a tree may not respond immediately to fertilizer application if
a. a slow-release fertilizer was applied b. there is inadequate soil moisture c. the tree is not actively growin d. all of the above |
all of the above
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a soil test may not identify a nutrient deficiency problem in a plant because
a. the test are not reliable b. the nutrient content can change after collecting c. the soil may contain adequate nutrients but something may be inhibiting uptake d. no one knows which levels of nutrients in soils are adequate |
the soil may contain adequate nutrients but something may be inhibiting uptake
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sulfur- coated ura or urea formaldeheyde is sometimes included in nitrogen fertilizers because
a. slow- release forms of nitrogen are sometimes desired b. the soil ph must be adjusted to optimize nutrient uptake c. the soils's buffering capacity may inhibit nitrogen absoption d. urea is a good, natural source of phosphorus |
slow- release forms of nitrogen are sometimes desired
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