Chapter 5

Front 1

Androgen

Back 1

Generic term for an agent (usually A hormone) testosterone or androsterone

Hint 1

androgens also regulates the production of sebum

Front 2

ductle

Back 2

Very small duct

Front 3

homeostasis

Back 3

State of equilibrium

Hint 3

homeostasis encompasses the regulatory mechanisms of the body that control temperature, acidity and the concentration salt, food and waste products

Front 4

synthesize

Back 4

Forming A complex substance by the union of simpler compounds

Hint 4

Skin synthesizes vitamin D

Front 5

The skin protects the underlying structures from and provide sensory information to the brain

Back 5

A

Front 6

Other important functions of the skin

Back 6

protecting the body against UV rays, regulating body temperature, and preventing dehydration.....The skin also acts as A reservoir for food and water

Front 7

epidermis

Back 7

the outer layer of the skin...it’s thickest on the palms of the hands and the sole of the feet

Front 8

what are the sub-layers of the epidermis

Back 8

strata, stratum corneum and the basal layer (which is the deepest layer of greater importance)

Front 9

keratin

Back 9

hard protein, waterproof characteristics prevent body fluids from evaporating and moisture from entering the body

Front 10

melanocytes

Back 10

special cells in the basal layer

Front 11

melanin

Back 11

A black pigment that provides A protective barrier from the damaging effects of the sun’s UV rays

Front 12

Albino

Back 12

an individual who can not produce melanin has A marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair and skin

Front 13

dermis

Back 13

the second layer of the skin (also called the corium) lies directly beneath the epidermis

Front 14

what is the dermis composed of

Back 14

living tissue and contain numerous capillaries, lymphatic vessels, and nerve endings

Front 15

sebaceous

Back 15

oil gland

Front 16

sudoriferous

Back 16

sweat glands

Front 17

subcutaneous layer, also called hyperdermis

Back 17

bonds the dermis to underlying structure primarily composed of loose connective tissue and adipose (fat)

Front 18

the subcutaneous layer

Back 18

stores fats, insulated and cushions the body, and regulates temperature

Front 19

two important glands located in the dermis produce secreations

Back 19

sudoriferous (sweat gland)

sebaceous gland (oil gland)

both are exocrine glands because of secretion through ducts to an outer surface of the body

Front 20

sebum

Back 20

yield oily secretion and the acidic nature helps destroy harmful organisms on the skin preventing infection

Front 21

hair is located all over the body except

Back 21

the lips, nipples, palms of hands, sole of feet and parts of the genitalia

Front 22

visible part of hair

Back 22

hair shaft- embedded in the dermis at the root

Front 23

What forms the hair follicle

Back 23

the root together with its coverings

Front 24

At the bottom of the follicle is A loop of capillaries enclosed in A covering called

Back 24

papilla

Front 25

nail root

Back 25

is composed of keratinized, stratified, squamous, epithelial cells producing A very tough covering

Front 26

As the nail grows, it stays attached and slides forward I’ve the layer of epithelial called

Back 26

nail bed

Front 27

Appears pink because of the underlying vascular tissue

Back 27

nail bed

Front 28

The main function of the skin

Back 28

protect the entire body, including all of its organs, from the external environment, specific functional relationships between the skin and other body systems

Front 29

adip/o

lip/o

steat/o

Back 29

fat

Front 30

cutane/o

dermat/o

derm/o

Back 30

skin

Front 31

hidr/o

sudor/o

Back 31

sweat

Front 32

ichthy/o

Back 32

dry, scaly

Front 33

kerat/o

Back 33

horny tissue; hard; cornea

Front 34

melan/o

Back 34

black

Front 35

myc/o

Back 35

fungus, fungi

Front 36

onych/o

ungu/o

Back 36

nail

Front 37

pil/o

trich/o

Back 37

hair

Front 38

scler/o

Back 38

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

Front 39

sebo/o

Back 39

sebum, sebaceous

Front 40

squam/o

Back 40

scale

Front 41

xen/o

Back 41

foreign, strange

Front 42

xer/o

Back 42

dry

Front 43

therapy

Back 43

treatment

Front 44

logist

Back 44

specialist in the study of

Front 45

dermatology

Back 45

medical speciality concerned with diseases that directly affect the skin and systemic disease that manifest the skin

Front 46

dermatologist

Back 46

Physician that specializes in the skin

Front 47

lesions

Back 47

tissues that have been pathologically altered by injury, wound, or infection

Front 48

localized

Back 48

definite size

Front 49

primary skin lesions

Back 49

are the initial reaction to (pathologically) altered tissue and may be flat or elevated

Front 50

secondary skin leisons

Back 50

changes that take place in the primary lesion as A result of infection, scratching, trauma, or various stages of A disease

Front 51

(Primary & flat)

macule

Back 51

flat, pigmented, circumscribed area less than 1 cm

Front 52

(Primary & elevated)

papule

Back 52

solid, elevated that may be same color as skin or pigmented

Front 53

(Primary & elevated)

nodule

Back 53

palpable, circumscribed larger and deeper than a Paulette (0.6 to 2 cm) extends into the dermal area

Front 54

(Primary & elevated)

tumor

Back 54

solid, larger than 2 cm that extends into the dermal and subcutaneous layers

Front 55

(Primary & elevated)

wheal

Back 55

firm rounded with localized skin edema that varies in size, shape and color; paler in the center than its surrounding edges

Front 56

(Primary)

vesicle

Back 56

circumscribed fluid-filled less than 0.5 cm

Front 57

(Primary & elevated)

pustule

Back 57

small, raised, circumscribed that contains pus; usually less than 1 cm

Front 58

(Primary & elevated)

bulla

Back 58

a vesicle or blister larger than 1 cm

Front 59

(Secondary & depressed)

excoriations

Back 59

linear scratch marks or traumatized abrasions of the epidermis

Front 60

(Primary & depressed)

fissure

Back 60

small slit or crack like sore that extends into the dermal layer; could be caused by continuous inflammation and drying

Front 61

(Primary & depressed)

ulcer

Back 61

an open sore or lesion that extends to the dermis and usually heals with the scarring

Front 62

burns

Back 62

tissue injuries caused by contact with thermal, chemical, electrical, or radioactive agents

Front 63

Which two systems can be affected by burns

Back 63

respiratory and digestive tract linings

Front 64

first degree (superficial) burns

Back 64

the least serious type injury only on top layers of the skin (epidermis)

Front 65

erythema

Back 65

skin redness

Front 66

second-degree (partial-thickness) burn

Back 66

deep burns that damage the epidermis and part of the dermis

Front 67

vesicles or bullae

Back 67

fluid-filled blisters

Front 68

third-degree (full thickness) burns

Back 68

the epidermis and dermis are destroyed and some of the underlying connective tissue

Front 69

dermatoplasty

Back 69

skin grafting

Front 70

neoplasm

Back 70

abnormal growths of new tissue that are classified as benign or malignant

Front 71

benign neoplasm

Back 71

non cancerous growths composed of the same type of cells as the tissue

Front 72

malignant neoplasm

Back 72

Cancer cells that tend to become invasive and spread to remote regions of the nody

Front 73

cancer treatments

Back 73

surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy

Front 74

immunotherapy also called (bio therapy)

Back 74

newer treatment that stimulates the body own immune defense to fight tumor cells

Front 75

grading

Back 75

cells from the tumor site are evaluated to determine how closely the biopsies tissue resembles normal tissue

Front 76

tumor, mode, metastasis (TNM)

Back 76

the most common system used for staging tumors

Front 77

nasal cell carcinoma

Back 77

most common type of skin cancer, is A malignancy of the basal layer of the epidermis or hair follicles