• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/40

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)

Cholesterol compounds in the skin are converted to

VITAMIN D

Layers of the skin

Epidermis


Dermis or corium


Subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia



Epidermis

Epidermis - comprised of stratified squamous epithelium Avascular.


1. Stratum corneum which is dead contains keratin


2. Stratum germinativum is only living part of the skin

The layer of the epidermis that undergoes cell division and reproduce itself.

Stratum germinativum

Think germinate means to grow. Stratum germinativum is the layer of the epidermis that rejuvenate itself.

Known as the true skin this layer of skin is vascular: contains blood vessels and nerves, glands and hair follicles

Dermis

Without this the epidermal layer would be unable to survive.

Dermal papillae

This layer connects the skin to the muscle surface

Subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia

Dermatitis venenata- poison ivy poison oak



Exfoliative Dermatitis- certain metals like arsenic and mercury or by antibiotics, gold, iodine codeine, aspirin.



Dermatitis medicamentosa- penicillin, codeine, cephalosporins

Types of dermatitis

Nursing Intervention for dermatitis venenata only cool open wet dressings

Ceruminous gland


Located in the external ear canal. They secrete a wax like substance called cerumen.

Sebaceous glands secretes (blank)


Through the (blank)

Sebum


Hair follicles


It inhibits bacteria growth

This inflammatory skin diease 's Drug therapy include antisteroidal anti inflammatory drugs like acetylsalicyclic acid and ibuprofen (motrin) antimalarial, corticosteroids

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Contact dermatitis clinical manifestations


Characteristic ; burning, pain, pruritus, edema.



Elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and eosiniphilia . Both test are thought to be related to abnormalities of T cell functions.

Medical management topical applications of a corticosteroids and the oral administration of antihistamine such as benadryl. If the patient has a history of asthma he might have an acute asthma attack hydroxyzine (atarax) provide preventive treatment of asthma.

Urticaria

Location


Characteristic wheels or gives caused by drugs, food insect bites inhalants emotional stress or exposure to hear and cold


Nursing Intervention

Respiratory involvement may occur

Herpes Simplex 1

Location : mouth


Characteristic: cold sore or fever blisters associating with febrile conditions.


Clinical manifestation: vesicle at the corner of the mouth, in the lips, or on the nose. Area is erthematous and edematous. The vesicle appear , ulcerates and entrust . Vesicle rupture, produce a burning pain. Malaise and fatigue .


Illness onset: occur after an acute illness or infection.



Diagnostic exams

Nursing Intervention : focus on treating symptoms and preventing spread of the diease. Lesions should be kept clean & dry. Loose, absorbent underclothing is usually more comfortable than tight- fitting clothing.


Sits bath decrease lesion and enhance urinary and bowel elimination.


Warm compresses to relieve pain and severe pruritus.


Rosacea

Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Diagnostic tests

Impetigo

Type of infection: mixed bacterial, a. Aureus , steptococci


Location; the face, hands, arms and legs.


Characteristic honey colored crust and easily removed. Under the educate is dried smooth, red skin. It starts as petulant vesicles that rapture and form a crust. (Dried exudate)



Nursing Intervention disrupting the course of the disease and preventing the spread of infection. Antibiotics are used to arrest the process. Systemic penicillin is the most common antibiotic cefTRIAXone sodium (rocephin) also cephalosporins. Wash the lesion with an antibiotic agent. Sterile techniqueDiagnostic tests

Herpes Simplex 2

Location: genital heroes. The cervix for women the penis for men.


Characteristic : flu like symptoms occur 3 to 4 days after the vesicle erupt.. headache, fatigue myalgia, fever, anorexia. Severe outbreaks might lead to difficulty voiding.



Diagnostic tests laboratory assessment of cultures from the lesion. Inspection and health history support diagnosis



Patient should be assessed for H.I.V.


Drug therapy: acyclovir (zovirax)



Valtrex for frequent outbreaks


Immunosuppressed p.t are not candidate for suppressive therapies.



Tylenol may be five for discomfort


Local anesthetic lidocaine or systemic analgesic such as codeine and aspirin. Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen. May be used to manage inflammation.

Herpes Zoster known as shingles

Location ; the rash occur generally occur the thoracic region (but may also affect region like lumbar, cervical and cranial)


Characteristic : the vesicles form along the peripheral nerve fibers of the spinal ganglia. the vesicle rupture and form a crust. The serous fluid might become purulent. Last 7- 28 days.


Pain is burning and knifelike. Extreme tenderness and pruritus



Nursing Intervention


Diagnostic tests

Nursing Intervention of herpes zoster



Nursing Intervention education about disease and plan of treatment, relieving pain and priorities and preventing secondary complications



Diagnostic tests


Drug therapy tranquilizers Ativan lozapam and hydroxyzine hcl (atarax)


Medicated bath


Warm compresses


Aseptic technique

Pityriasis roscea

Type ofninfection: viral


Location chest abdomen, groin, armpits


characteristic: Herald patch, a scaly 1 to 3 inches in diameter, raised borders and a pink center that resemble a ringworm, 7 to 14 the first eruption, smaller matching spots become widespread . The rash consist of pink, oval- shaped spots that are 1/4 to 1/2 inch across


Nursing Intervention analgesic & oatmeal bath, antihistamine topical steroid for the pruritus



Drug therapy : no meds, just 1% hydrocortisone cream for pruritus, ultraviolet light, sunbathing for 30 mins.

Pressure Ulcers Stage 1


Characteristic Intact with nonblanchable redness. Skin is painful, firm, soft, warm or cool compared to adjacent tissue may be noted



Nursing Intervention


Ongoing assessment and evaluation of improvement


Assessment data include size and depth of the ulcer, the amount and color of any exudate, the presence of pain or odor , and the color of the exposed tissue.

Pressure Ulcers Stage 3

Characteristic A stage 3 involves full thickness tissue loss in which subcutaneous fat is sometime visible but bone, tendon and muscle are NOT exposed. Undermining and tunneling are sometimes present.


Nursing Intervention

Pressure Ulcer Stage 4


Nursing Intervention


Characteristic full thickness tissue loss WITH exposed bone, tendon, or muscle. Sometimes slough or eschar is present in the wound bed.


Includes undermining and tunneling.


Complications: osteomyelitis

Angiodema

Type of infection


Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Drug therapy

Psoriasis

Type of infection


Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Drug therapy

Scabies

Type of infection


Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Drug therapy

Pediculosis

Type of infection


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Drug therapy

Alopecia

Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Medical management

Tumors of the skin:keloid

Characteristic


Location


Medical management


Nursing Intervention


Drug therapy

Paroyncha

Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Medical management


Drug therapy

Tumors of the skin: Nevi

Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Medical management


Tumor of the appendages verruca

Location


Characteristic


Medical management


Nursing Intervention


Drug therapy

Basal cell carcinoma

Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Medical management


Drug therapy

Squamous cell carcinoma

Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Medical management


Drug therapy

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Type of infection


Location


Characteristic


Nursing Intervention


Medical management


Drug therapy


Pressure Ulcer 2

Characteristic partial thickness loss of dermis. It appears as a shallow open ulcer, usually shiny or dry, with a red- pink wound bed without slough or bruising.


Some stage 2 ulcer manifest as intact or open (raptured) serum filled blisters.


Nursing Intervention

Unstageable ulcer

Characteristic: full thickness tissue loss, a wound base covers by slough (yellow, tan, gray, green, or brown) and/or eschar in the wound bed.

Stable eschar on the heels provide a natural biologic cover: do not remove it

Can herpes simplex 2 genital herpes be transmitted by viral shedding even during period of remission?

Hell yes and Frank discussion concerning safe sexual practices.

Cellulitis

Location underlying tissues of the skin.


Characteristic not contagious but can spread by direct contact with an open area.



Causes: group a steptococcis and staphlococcus aureus: Haemophilus influenza type b is more common in children. Venous insuffiency, dm, lymphedema, surgery, compromised immune function hiv



Nursing Intervention preventing the spread of the illness


Administer antibiotic, administer analgesic , change dressing. Monitor pt nutrition and hydration. Warm moist dressing . Antibiotics therapy monitor for signs and symptoms of secondary infection like yeast infestations


Drug therapy

Dermatophytoses fungal infection, superficial infections of the skin.

Tinea capitis- ringworm of the scalp.


Major pathogen microsporum audouninii



Tinea corporis- ringworm of the body. Occurs on the body with little to no hair



Tina cruris- jock itch



Tina pedis- athelete foot burows solution

Tinea capitis hair turns blue- green under wood lamp