Chapter 4 - Integumentary System

Front 1

epidermis

Back 1

outer layer of skin

Front 2

keratin

Back 2

horny, or cornfield, layer composed of protein. It is contained in the hair, skin, and nails.

Front 3

malanin

Back 3

color, or pigmentation, of the skin

Front 4

dermis

Back 4

inner layer of skin (also called the true skin)

Front 5

sudoriferous (sweat) glands

Back 5

tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skin's surface and secrete sweat

Front 6

subaceous glands

Back 6

secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shaft passes through the dermis

Front 7

hair

Back 7

compressed, keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles, the sacs that enclose the hair fibers

Front 8

nails

Back 8

originate in the epidermis. Nails are found on the upper surface of the ends of the fingers and toes. The white area at the base of the nail is called the lunula, or moon.

Front 9

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

Back 9

skin

Front 10

hidr/o

Back 10

sweat

Front 11

kerat/o

Back 11

horny tissue, hard

Front 12

onych/o, ungu/o

Back 12

nail

Front 13

seb/o

Back 13

sebum (oil)

Front 14

trich/o

Back 14

hair

Front 15

aut/o

Back 15

self

Front 16

bi/o

Back 16

life

Front 17

coni/o

Back 17

dust

Front 18

crypt/o

Back 18

hidden

Front 19

heter/o

Back 19

other

Front 20

myc/o

Back 20

fungus

Front 21

necr/o

Back 21

death (cells, body)

Front 22

pachy/o

Back 22

thick

Front 23

rhytid/o

Back 23

wrinkles

Front 24

staphyl/o

Back 24

grapelike clusters

Front 25

strept/o

Back 25

twisted chains

Front 26

xer/o

Back 26

dry

Front 27

epi-

Back 27

on, upon, over

Front 28

intra-

Back 28

within

Front 29

para-

Back 29

beside, beyond, around, abnormal

Front 30

per-

Back 30

through

Front 31

sub-

Back 31

under, below

Front 32

trans-

Back 32

through, across, beyond

Front 33

-a

Back 33

noun suffix, no meaning

Front 34

-coccus (pl. -cocci)

Back 34

berry-shaped (form of bacterium)

Front 35

-ectomy

Back 35

excision or surgical removal

Front 36

-ia

Back 36

diseases or abnormal state, condition of

Front 37

-itis

Back 37

inflammation

Front 38

-malacia

Back 38

softening

Front 39

-opsy

Back 39

view of, viewing

Front 40

-phagia

Back 40

eating or swallowing

Front 41

-plasty

Back 41

surgical repairr

Front 42

-rrhea

Back 42

flow, discharge

Front 43

-tome

Back 43

instrument used to cut

Front 44

dermatitis

Back 44

inflammation of the skin

Front 45

dermatoconiosis

Back 45

abnormal condition of the skin caused by dust

Front 46

dermatofibroma

Back 46

fibrous tumor of the skin

Front 47

hidradentitis

Back 47

inflammation of a seat gland

Front 48

leiodermia

Back 48

condition of smooth skin

Front 49

leukoderma

Back 49

white skin (white patches caused by depigmentation)

Front 50

onychocryptosis

Back 50

abnormal condition of a hidden nail (also called ingrown nail)

Front 51

onychomalacia

Back 51

softening of the nails

Front 52

onychomycosis

Back 52

abnormal condition of a fungus in the nails

Front 53

onychophagia

Back 53

eating the nails (nail biting)

Front 54

pachyderma

Back 54

thickening of the skin

Front 55

paronychia

Back 55

diseased state around the nail

Front 56

seborrhea

Back 56

discharge of sebum (excessive)

Front 57

trichomycosis

Back 57

abnormal condition of a fungus in the hair

Front 58

xeroderma

Back 58

dry skin (a mild form of a cutaneous disorder characterized by keratinization and noninflammatory scaling)

Front 59

abrasion

Back 59

scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury

Front 60

abscess

Back 60

localized collection of pus

Front 61

acne

Back 61

inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

Front 62

actinic keratosis

Back 62

a precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight. It may evolve into a squamous cell carcinoma.

Front 63

albinism

Back 63

congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

Front 64

basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

Back 64

epithelial tumor arising from the epidermis. It seldom metastasizes but invades local tissue. Common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure.

Front 65

candidiasis

Back 65

an infection of the skin, mouth (also called thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast-type fungus Candida albicans. Candida is normally present in the mucous membranes; overgrowth causes an infection. Esophageal candidiasis is often seen in patients with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).

Front 66

carbuncle

Back 66

skin infection composed of a cluster of boils caused by staphylococcal bacteria

Front 67

cellulitis

Back 67

inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by an infection, leading to redness, swelling, and fever

Front 68

contusion

Back 68

injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration (also called a bruise)

Front 69

eczema

Back 69

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

Front 70

fissure

Back 70

slit or cracklike sore in the skin

Front 71

furuncle

Back 71

painful skin node caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (also called a boil)

Front 72

gangrene

Back 72

death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (a form of necrosis)

Front 73

herpes

Back 73

inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters. Many types of herpes exist. Herpes simplex, for example, causes fever blisters; herpes zoster, also called shingles, is characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow nerves inflamed by the virus.

Front 74

impetigo

Back 74

superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci

Front 75

infection

Back 75

the invasion of pathogens in body tissue. An infection may remain localized if the body's defense mechanisms are effective. If the infection persists, it may become acute, subacute, or chronic. A systemic infection occurs when the pathogen causing local infection gains access to the vascular or lymphatic system and becomes disseminated throughout the body.

Front 76

Kaposi sarcoma

Back 76

a cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules on the lower extremities that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs. Frequently seen with AIDS.

Front 77

laceration

Back 77

torn, ragged-edged wound

Front 78

lesion

Back 78

any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease. It is a broad term that includes sores, wounds, ulcers, and tumors.

Front 79

MRSA infection

Back 79

invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a strain of common bacteria that has developed a resistance to penicillin and other antibiotics. It can produce skin and soft tissue infections and sometimes bloodstream infections and pneumonia, which can be fatal if not treated. MRSA is quite common in hospitals and long-term care facilities but is increasingly emerging as an important infection in the general population.

Front 80

pediculosis

Back 80

invasion into the skin and hair by lice

Front 81

psoriasis

Back 81

chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales

Front 82

rosacea

Back 82

chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and broken blood vessels, usually occurring on the central area of the face in people older than 30 years (also called acne rosacea).

Front 83

scabies

Back 83

skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing into the outer layer of skin and laying eggs. This condition is accompanied by severe itching.

Front 84

scleroderma

Back 84

a disease characterized by chronic hardening (induration) of the connective tissue of the skin and other body organs

Front 85

squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCA)

Back 85

a malignant growth that develops from scalelike epithelial tissue. Unlike basal cell carcinoma, there is a significant potential for metastasis. The most frequent cause is chronic exposure to sunlight.

Front 86

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Back 86

a chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system. This auto immune disease is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations. It may also affect other organs.

Front 87

tinea

Back 87

fungal infection of the skin. The fungi may infect keratin of the skin, hair, and nails. Infections are classified by body regions such as tinea capitis (scalp), tinea corporis (body), and tinea pedis (foot). Tinea in general is also called ringworm, and tine pedis specifically is also called athlete's foot.

Front 88

urticaria

Back 88

an itching skin eruption composed of wheals of varying size and shape, which usually resolves in a short period of time. While often idiopathic, urticaria is sometimes associated with infections and with allergic reactions to food, medicine, or other agents. Other causes include internal disease, physical stimuli, and genetic disorders (also called hives).

Front 89

vitiligo

Back 89

white patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes associated with autoimmune disorders.

Front 90

biopsy (bx)

Back 90

view of life (the removal of living tissue from the body to be viewed under the microscope)

Front 91

dermatoautoplasty

Back 91

surgical repair using one's own skin (skin graft) (also called autograft)

Front 92

dermatoheteroplasty

Back 92

surgical repair using skin from others (skin graft) (also called allograft)

Front 93

dermatome

Back 93

instrument used to cut skin (in thin slices for skin grafts)

Front 94

dermatoplasty

Back 94

surgical repair of the skin

Front 95

onychectomy

Back 95

excision of a nail

Front 96

rhytidectomy

Back 96

excision of wrinkles (also called facelift)

Front 97

rhytidoplasty

Back 97

surgical repair of wrinkles

Front 98

cauterization

Back 98

destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current, or caustic substance (also called cautery)

Front 99

cryosurgery

Back 99

destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often by using liquid nitrogen

Front 100

débridement

pron - (dabredma)

Back 100

removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from and open wound

Front 101

dermabrasion

Back 101

procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper

Front 102

excision

Back 102

removal by cutting

Front 103

incision

Back 103

surgical cut or wound produced by a sharp instrument

Front 104

incision and drainage (I&D)

Back 104

surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound, or cavity

Front 105

laser surgery

Back 105

procedure using an instrument that emits a high-powered beam of light used to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissue

Front 106

Mohs surgery

Back 106

technique of microscopically controlled serial excisions of skin cancers

Front 107

suturing

Back 107

to stitch edges of a wound surgically

Front 108

dermatologist

Back 108

a physician who studies and treats skin (diseases)

Front 109

dermatology (derm)

Back 109

study of the skin (a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases)

Front 110

epidermal

Back 110

pertaining to upon the skin

Front 111

erythroderma

Back 111

red skin (abnormal redness of the skin)

Front 112

hypodermic

Back 112

pertaining to under the skin

Front 113

intradermal (ID)

Back 113

pertaining to within the skin

Front 114

keratogenic

Back 114

originating in horny tissue

Front 115

necrosis

Back 115

abnormal condition of death (cells and tissue die because of disease)

Front 116

percutaneous

Back 116

pertaining to through the skin

Front 117

Staphylococcus (staph)

Back 117

berry-shapped (bacterium)in grapelike clusters (these bacteria cause many skin diseases)

Front 118

streptococcus (strep)

Back 118

berry-shaped (bacterium) in twisted chains

Front 119

subcutaneous (subcut)

Back 119

pertaining to under the skin

Front 120

transdermal (TD)

Back 120

pertaining to through the skin

Front 121

ungual

Back 121

pertaining to the nail

Front 122

xanthoderma

Back 122

yellow skin (also called jaundice)

Front 123

alopecia

Back 123

loss of hair

Front 124

bacteria

Back 124

single-celled microorganisms that reproduce by cell division and may cause infection by invading body tissue

Front 125

cicatrix

Back 125

scar

Front 126

cyst

Back 126

a closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material

Front 127

cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Back 127

a herpes-type virus that usually causes disease when the immune system is compromised

Front 128

diaphoresis

Back 128

profuse sweating

Front 129

ecchymosis

Back 129

escape of blood into the skin (or mucous membrane), causing a small, flat, purple or blue discoloration, as may occur when blood is withdrawn by a needle and syringe from an arm vein

Front 130

edema

Back 130

puffy swelling of tissue from accumulation of fluid

Front 131

erythema

Back 131

redness

Front 132

fungus

Back 132

organism that feeds by absorbing organic molecules from its surroundings and may cause infection by invading body tissue; single-celled fungi (yeast) reproduce by budding; multi celled fungi (mold) reproduce by spore formation

Front 133

induration

Back 133

abnormal hard spot(s)

Front 134

jaundice

Back 134

condition characterized by a yellow tinge to the skin (also called xanthoderma)

Front 135

keloid

Back 135

overgrowth of scar tissue

Front 136

leukoplakia

Back 136

condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous membrane, which may be precancerous

Front 137

macule

Back 137

flat, colored spot on the skin

Front 138

nevus

Back 138

circumscribed malformation of the skin, usually brown, black, or flesh colored. A congenital nevus is present at birth and is referred to as a birth mark. (also called a mole)

Front 139

nodule

Back 139

a small, knot like mass that can be felt by touch

Front 140

pallor

Back 140

paleness

Front 141

papule

Back 141

small, solid skin elevation

Front 142

petechia

Back 142

a pinpoint skin hemorrhage

Front 143

pressure ulcer (decub)

Back 143

erosion of the skin caused by prolonged pressure, often occurring in bedridden patients (also called decubitus ulcer or bed sore)

Front 144

pruritus

Back 144

severe itching

Front 145

purpura

Back 145

small hemorrhages in the skin (or mucous membrane), giving a purple-red discoloration; associated with blood disorders or vascular abnormalities

Front 146

pustule

Back 146

elevation of skin containing pus

Front 147

ulcer

Back 147

erosion of the skin or mucous membrane

Front 148

verruca

Back 148

circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus (also called a wart)

Front 149

vesicle

Back 149

small elevation of epidermis containing liquid (also called a blister)

Front 150

virus

Back 150

minute microorganism, much smaller than a bacterium, characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the ability to replicate only within living host cells; may cause infection by invading body tissue

Front 151

wheal

Back 151

transitory, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and read surrounding area; a wheal is an individual urticaria (hive) lesion

Front 152

BCC

Back 152

basal cell carcinoma

Front 153

bx

Back 153

biopsy

Front 154

CMV

Back 154

cytomegalovirus

Front 155

CA-MRSA

Back 155

community-associated MRSA infection

Front 156

decub

Back 156

pressure ulcer

Front 157

derm

Back 157

dermatology

Front 158

HA-MRSA

Back 158

healthcare-associated MRSA infection

Front 159

I&D

Back 159

incision and drainage

Front 160

ID

Back 160

intradermal

Front 161

MRSA

Back 161

methicillin-resistant Staphylocuccus aureus

Front 162

SLE

Back 162

systemic lupus erythematosus

Front 163

SqCCA

Back 163

squamous cell carcinoma

Front 164

staph

Back 164

staphylococcus

Front 165

strep

Back 165

streptococcus

Front 166

subcut

Back 166

subcutaneous

Front 167

TD

Back 167

transdermal