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11 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

The study of energy in the human body

Bioenergetics

All of the chemical reactions that occur in the body to maintain itself. The the process in which nutrients are acquired, transported, used, and disposed of by the body.

Metabolism

The examination of bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and demands placed on the body during exercise.

Exercise metabolism

The material or substance on which an enzyme acts

Substrates

Organic compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which include starches, cellulose, and sugars, and are all an important source of energy. All of these are eventually broken down in the body to glucose, a simple sugar.

Carbohydrates

A simple sugar manufactured by the body from carbohydrates, fats, and go a lesser extent protein, which serves as the body's main source for fuel

Glucose

The complex carbohydrate molecule used to store carbohydrates in the liver and muscle cells. When carbohydrate energy is needed, this is converted into glucose for use by the muscle cells.

Glycogen

The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources, such as amino acids.

Gluconeogenesis

The chemical or substrate form in which most fat exists in food as well as in the body

Triglycerides

One of three main classes of foods and a source of energy in the body. These help the body use some vitamins and keep the skin healthy. They also serve as energy stores for the body. In foods, there are two types.

Fats

Amino acids linked by peptide bonds, which consist of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and usually sulfur, and that have several essential biologic compounds.

Protein