Chapter 4: Development Of The Face & Neck

Front 1

Branchial Apparatus

Back 1

Group that includes branchial arches, brachial grooves and membranes, pharyngeal pouches.

Front 2

Branchial Arches

Back 2

Six stacked bilateral swellings of tissue that appear inferior to stomodeum, including mandibular arch.

Front 3

First Branchial Arch

Back 3

Mandibular arch in embryo

Front 4

Second Branchial Arch

Back 4

Brachial arch inferior to mandibular arch in embryo or "hyoid arch".

Front 5

Third Branchial Arch

Back 5

Branchial arch in embryo responsible for formation of parts of hyoid bone.

Front 6

Fourth Branchial Arch

Back 6

Branchial arch in embryo that participates in formation of laryngeal cartilages.

Front 7

Fifth Brachial Arch

Back 7

Rudimentary embryonic brachial arch that is absent or included with fourth branchial arch.

Front 8

Sixth Brachial Arch

Back 8

Branchial arch in embryo that fuses with fourth branchial arch to participate in the formation of laryngeal cartilages.

Front 9

Meckel's Cartilage

Back 9

Cartilage that forms within each side of mandibular arch and that disappears as bony mandible forms.

Front 10

Reichert's Cartilage

Back 10

Cartilage in second branchial arch that eventually disappears.

Front 11

Cervical cysts

Back 11

Developmental cysts formed when branchial grooves are not obliterated.

Front 12

Cleft lip

Back 12

Developmental disturbance of upper lip from failure of fusion of maxillary processes with medial nasal process.

Front 13

Hyoid Arch

Back 13

Second branchial arch that lies inferiorly to mandibular arch in embryo.

Front 14

Intermaxillary Segment

Back 14

Growth from paired medial nasal processes on inside of stomodeum.

Front 15

Mandibular Arch

Back 15

Lower dental arch with mandibular teeth or first branchial arch in embryo.

Front 16

Mandibular Processes

Back 16

Processes of first branchial arch that fuse at midline to form mandibular arch.

Front 17

Nasal Pits

Back 17

Depressions in center of each nasal placode that evolve into the nasal cavities.

Front 18

Oronasal Membrane

Back 18

Embryonic membrane that disintegrates to bring the nasal and oral cavities into communication.

Front 19

Pharyngeal Pouches

Back 19

Four pairs of evaginations lining the pharynx between branchial arches.

Front 20

Placodes

Back 20

Areas of ectoderm found at location of developing special sense organs on the embryo

Front 21

Lens Placodes

Back 21

Placodes forming eyes and related tissue.

Front 22

Nasal Placodes

Back 22

Placodes that develop into olfactory organ for the sensation of smell located in mature nose.

Front 23

Placode otic

Back 23

Placodes in embryo forming future internal ear.

Front 24

Primitive Pharynx

Back 24

Cranial part of foregut that forms oropharynx.

Front 25

Frontonasal Processes

Back 25

Prominence in upper facial area at cephalic end of embryo.

Front 26

Lateral Nasal Processes

Back 26

Tissue on outer part of nasal pits that forms nasal alae.

Front 27

Maxillary Processes

Back 27

Prominence from mandibular arch that grows superiorly and anteriorly on each side of stomodeum.

Front 28

Medial Nasal Processes

Back 28

Middle part of the tissue growing around nasal placodes located between nasal pit.

Front 29

Stomodeum

Back 29

Primitive mouth in embryo