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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
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I can explain explain how chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by ATP |
ATP is adenosine triphosphate (3 phosphates). When one of the phosphates is removed, the energy that is released is used for the cell to do WORK like (making proteins, cells dividing, muscle movements, bioluminescence) |
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I can memorize the chemical equation for photosynthesis |
The SUN is required
6CO2 + 6H2O --------->>>>>> C6H12O6 + 6O2 reactants products
This occurs in the Chloroplast |
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I can summarize the detain the steps of photosynthesis |
Skip this card?? |
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I can memorize the chemical equation for cellular respiration |
End product is ATP
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --------->>>> 6H2O + 6 CO2 reactants products
This occurs in the mitochondria |
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I can summarize in detail the stops of cellular respiration. |
skip again? |
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I can summarize what occurs during the four stages of the cell cycle |
G1 the cell is carrying out normal functions and growing Synthesis - Coy of DNA is made. G2 - Cell continues to carry out normal functions. Critical checkpoint to move to mitosis. Mitosis - division of the cell nucleus (chromosomes) |
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I can explain how mitosis produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells |
During interphase copies of the DNA are made. A pair of identical DNA is called sister chromatids. During metaphase the sister chromosomes line up in the middle During anaphase they are pulled apart to opposite ends of the diving cell
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I can describe some of the factors that regulate cell division |
External factors - this includes growth factors, which are a group of proteins that stimulate cell division Internal factors - kinase, and cyclin, which are also proteins, play a role in cell division |
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I can compare binary fission to mitosis |
Mitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells. Binary fission is the term we use to describe prokaryotes dividing. Because they have a circular chromosome and no nucleus the process of the cell dividing is different from mitosis. Both mitosis and binary fission results in 2 identical daughter cells |
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I can explain how cells differentiate and why cell differentiation is important |
All the cells in your body have the same DNA (same genes). Each type of cell uses only the specific genes it needs to carry out its function Skin cells use only skin cell genes, nerve cells use only nerve cell genes, bone cells use only bone cell genes.
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I can compare diploid cells to haploid cells |
Haploid cells, n (gametes - sperm and egg) have only 1 copy of each chromosome. meiosis produces these. Diploid cells, 2n (body cells) 2 copies of each chromosome. One copy from the mom and one from the dad. Mitosis produces these |
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I can describe the steps of meiosis which produces haploid cells |
Chromosomes duplicate and stay attached to each other as sister chromatids Meiosis I Sister chromatids line up in the middle as homolgous chromosomes The homologous pair pulls apart but the sister chromatid stay together Cells separate resulting in 2 cells. Unlike mitosis, these 2 cells will go through another division Meiosis II Sister chromosomes line up and get pulled apart 4 total cells are made with half the number of chromosomes. These are called haploid cells or germ cells (egg or sperm). |
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I can define Mendel's law of segregation |
Organisms inherit 2 copies of each gene, one from each parent Organisms donate only one copy of each gene in their gametes. Thus, the 2 copies of each gene segregate, or separate, during gamete formation |
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I can define what a gene is |
Piece of DNA (chromosome) that provides a set of instructions to a cell to make a certain protein. Chromosome 1 has an estimated 2,000 genes on it. Total human genome is estimated at 20,000 - 25,000 genes. |
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I can, from a parental cross, predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring in a monohybrid and dihybrid cross |
Heterozygous tall pea plant x heterozygous tall pea plant
T | t __|________ |_________ T | TT | Tt | | t | Tt | tt
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I can explain how crossing over during meiosis I increases genetic diversity |
Crossing over is the exchange of chromosome pieces between homologous chromosomes. This occurs every time sperm or egg cells are made. |
