Chapter 4

Front 1

Sodium chloride is commonly known as _____?

Back 1

Table salt

Front 2

The most important source of sodium chloride is _______?

Back 2

Underground deposits

Front 3

Does solid sodium chloride conduct an electrical current?

Back 3

No

Front 4

Is elemental sodium a silvery-white metal?

Back 4

yes

Front 5

Sodium metal is normally stored under what?

Back 5

Oil

Front 6

What is one of the most reactive of all elements?

Back 6

Chlorine

Front 7

Carbon dioxide gas changes from a ______ to a solid at about -80 degrees C

Back 7

Gas

Front 8

The science of organic chemistry is concerned with compounds that contain _______?

Back 8

Carbon

Front 9

Oxygen makes up _____% of the Earth's air.

Back 9

21

Front 10

What is a gas that doesn't burn but that ordinarily supports the burning of other substances?

Back 10

Oxygen

Front 11

At -253 degrees C, hydrogen changes from a gas to a ______?

Back 11

Liquid

Front 12

In general, compounds have properties that are _______ the properties of the elements of which they are composed

Back 12

different from

Front 13

Freezes at 0 degrees C

Back 13

Water

Front 14

Covers approximately 70% of Earth's surface

Back 14

Water

Front 15

Is a colorless gas of low mass that is rarely found uncombined

Back 15

Hydrogen

Front 16

Is a pale-green poisonous gas

Back 16

Chlorine

Front 17

Is the main constituent of charcoal

Back 17

Carbon

Front 18

In its solid form, is called dry ice

Back 18

Carbon dioxide

Front 19

Has crystals shaped like tiny cubes

Back 19

Sodium chloride

Front 20

Is produced when carbon burns in air

Back 20

Carbon dioxide

Front 21

Is a metal that is soft enough to be cut with a knife

Back 21

Sodium

Front 22

The most abundant element in Earth's crust

Back 22

Oxygen

Front 23

Along with silicon, makes up sand

Back 23

Oxygen

Front 24

Is often called the universal solvent

Back 24

Water

Front 25

Is the most abundant element in the universe

Back 25

Hydrogen

Front 26

Is a common source of heat

Back 26

Carbon

Front 27

Is used as a disinfectant

Back 27

Chlorine

Front 28

Makes up about 0.03% of the atmosphere

Back 28

Carbon dioxide

Front 29

Melts at close to the boiling point of water

Back 29

Sodium

Front 30

Is the lightest of all elements

Back 30

Hydrogen

Front 31

Can be obtained by the evaporation of sea water

Back 31

Sodium chloride

Front 32

Is located in the upper-left hand corner of the periodic table

Back 32

Hydrogen

Front 33

An atom with a charge

Back 33

Ion

Front 34

The strong attractive force between ions of opposite charge

Back 34

Ionic bond

Front 35

A compound comprised of ions

Back 35

Ionic compound

Front 36

The state of an atom achieved by having the same valence electron configuration as a noble gas atom; the most stable configuration

Back 36

Noble gas configuration

Front 37

The model of chemical stability that states that atoms become stable by having eight electrons in their outer energy level except for some of the smallest atoms, which have only two electrons

Back 37

Octet rule

Front 38

A regular, repeating arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in three dimensions

Back 38

Crystal

Front 39

Any compound that conducts electricity when melted or dissolved in water

Back 39

Electrolyte

Front 40

A compound whose atoms are held together by covalent bonds

Back 40

Covalent compound

Front 41

The attraction of two atoms for a shared pair of electrons

Back 41

Covalent bond

Front 42

An uncharged group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Back 42

Molecule

Front 43

The force between the particles that make up a substance

Back 43

Interparticle force