Chapter 4

Front 1

kinetic molecular theory

Back 1

this theory states that all matter is made up of tiny basic units of structure called atoms

Front 2

Democritus 5th bc

Back 2

wrote that mater was empty space filled with tremendous numbers of tiny indivisible particles called atoms called the particle model

Front 3

During any type of chemical or physical change atoms are

Back 3

neither created nor destroyed during any type of chemical or physical change

Front 4

kinetic molecular theory

Back 4

this theory states that all matter is made up of tiny basic units of structure called atoms

Front 5

chemical elements are

Back 5

similar groups of atoms that make up pure substances

Front 6

Democritus 5th bc

Back 6

wrote that mater was empty space filled with tremendous numbers of tiny indivisible particles called atoms called the particle model

Front 7

kinetic molecular theory

Back 7

this theory states that all matter is made up of tiny basic units of structure called atoms

Front 8

pure substances each element has its own kind of atom some of these are

Back 8

hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, iron, gold are chemical elements with their own groups of atoms

Front 9

During any type of chemical or physical change atoms are

Back 9

neither created nor destroyed during any type of chemical or physical change

Front 10

Democritus 5th bc

Back 10

wrote that mater was empty space filled with tremendous numbers of tiny indivisible particles called atoms called the particle model

Front 11

chemical elements are

Back 11

similar groups of atoms that make up pure substances

Front 12

pure substances each element has its own kind of atom some of these are

Back 12

hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, iron, gold are chemical elements with their own groups of atoms

Front 13

During any type of chemical or physical change atoms are

Back 13

neither created nor destroyed during any type of chemical or physical change

Front 14

chemical elements are

Back 14

similar groups of atoms that make up pure substances

Front 15

pure substances each element has its own kind of atom some of these are

Back 15

hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, iron, gold are chemical elements with their own groups of atoms

Front 16

Democritus

Back 16

5th century bc philisoper from Greece earliest record of atom

Front 17

Particle Matter developed by Democritus and helped along by Galileo and Newton described as

Back 17

matter being composed of tiny particles or atoms did not gain acceptance until the late 1700 or 1800's.....

Front 18

kinetic molecular theory

Back 18

all matter is made up of tiny basic units of structure called atoms

Front 19

Atoms are neither

Back 19

divided created nor destroyed during any type of chemical or physical change

Front 20

chemical elements are

Back 20

similar groups of atoms that make up pure substances

Front 21

hydrogen oxygen carbon iron and gold are

Back 21

chemical elements and each has its own atom

Front 22

in addition to the chemical elements are are pure substances called

Back 22

compounds

Front 23

compounds have

Back 23

more complex units of structure

Front 24

hydrogen oxygen carbon iron and gold are

Back 24

chemical elements and each has its own atom

Front 25

hydrogen oxygen carbon iron and gold are

Back 25

chemical elements and each has its own atom

Front 26

water, sugar alcohol

Back 26

are composed of atoms of two or more elements that join together in definite proportions

Front 27

in addition to the chemical elements are are pure substances called

Back 27

compounds

Front 28

molecule

Back 28

defined as a tightly bound group of atoms in which the atoms maintain their identity

Front 29

Democritus

Back 29

5th century bc philisoper from Greece earliest record of atom

Front 30

compounds have

Back 30

more complex units of structure

Front 31

in addition to the chemical elements are are pure substances called

Back 31

compounds

Front 32

water, sugar alcohol

Back 32

are composed of atoms of two or more elements that join together in definite proportions

Front 33

Particle Matter developed by Democritus and helped along by Galileo and Newton described as

Back 33

matter being composed of tiny particles or atoms did not gain acceptance until the late 1700 or 1800's.....

Front 34

molecule

Back 34

defined as a tightly bound group of atoms in which the atoms maintain their identity

Front 35

compounds have

Back 35

more complex units of structure

Front 36

kinetic molecular theory

Back 36

all matter is made up of tiny basic units of structure called atoms

Front 37

water, sugar alcohol

Back 37

are composed of atoms of two or more elements that join together in definite proportions

Front 38

Atoms are neither

Back 38

divided created nor destroyed during any type of chemical or physical change

Front 39

molecule

Back 39

defined as a tightly bound group of atoms in which the atoms maintain their identity

Front 40

chemical elements are

Back 40

similar groups of atoms that make up pure substances

Front 41

all elements are

Back 41

gases at high temperatures

Front 42

some elements exist as

Back 42

gases at ordinary temperatures

Front 43

at ordinary tempetatures

Back 43

atoms of oxygen nitrogen and other gases are paired in groups of two to form diatomic molecules

Front 44

helium and other gases

Back 44

exist as single unpaired atoms at ordinary temperatures

Front 45

VERY HIGH TEMPS

Back 45

iron gold nd other metals vaporize to form gaseous single unpaired atoms

Front 46

in the kinetic molecular theory the term molecule has the additional meaning of the

Back 46

smallest ultimate particle of matter that can exist.

Front 47

single atom of helium is known as a

Back 47

monatomic molecule

Front 48

molecule is defined as the smallest particle of a compound or

Back 48

a gaseous element that can exist and still retain the characteristic popertties of that substance

Front 49

cohesion

Back 49

attractive force is between the same kind of molecues

Front 50

without cohesion

Back 50

all matter would be in the form of gases

Front 51

attractive force between unlike molecules is called

Back 51

adhesion

Front 52

solids liquids and gas are

Back 52

three phases of matter common on earth under conditions of ordinary temperature and ressure

Front 53

different chara of each phase can be attributed to the

Back 53

molecular arrangments and the strength of attraction between the molecules

Front 54

solids

Back 54

molcules that are fixed distances apart and bound by relatively strong cohesive forces

Front 55

molecules in a solid

Back 55

are a nearly fixed distance from the next but will vibrate and move around an equilibrium position

Front 56

liquids have molecules that are not confined to

Back 56

an equilibrium position as in a solid.

Front 57

molecules of a liquid

Back 57

are close together and bound by cohesive forces that are not as strong as ini a solid. they flow

Front 58

gases are composed of

Back 58

molecules with weak cohesive forces acting between them; far apart move freely in constant motion no fixed shape nor fixed volumes

Front 59

Gases nade up of positive ions and negative electrons are called

Back 59

Plasmas

Front 60

Plasmas have the same properties as gases but conduct

Back 60

electricity and interact stronly with magnetic fields

Front 61

vapor

Back 61

describes a gas that is usually in the liquid phase

Front 62

water vapor

Back 62

describes a gas that is usually in the liguid phase

Front 63

fluids describe

Back 63

liquids and gases collectively because of their ability to flow

Front 64

plasma physics attempts

Back 64

to produce controlled nuclear fusion

Front 65

diffuse

Back 65

spread

Front 66

Rudolf Clausius showed that the temperature of a gas is

Back 66

proportional to the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules

Front 67

Explains why gases diffuse at a greater rate

Back 67

at high temperatures

Front 68

kinetic energy involves the mass of the molecules as well as their velocity

Back 68

(KE = 1/2 mv2)

Front 69

temperature of a substance is a measure of the average

Back 69

kinetic energy of the molecules making up the substance

Front 70

bimetallic strip

Back 70

strip will bend toward the metal with less expansion