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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Three subphyla of Chordata
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Urochordata
Cephalochordata Craniate |
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List the set of derived characteristics that all chordates have
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Notochord
Pharynx gill slits Muscular post anal tail Dorsal hollow nerve cord |
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Longitudinal flexible rod located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord
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Notochord
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The dorsal hollow nerve cord is
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the nerve cord that develops from from a plate of the ectoderm that rolls into a tube dorsal to the notochord
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Function as suspension feeding structures in many invertebrate chorodates
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Pharyngeal slits or clefts
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The pharyngeal slits or clefts develop into
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parts of the ear, head, and neck in terrestrial vertebrates
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provides the much of the propelling force in many aquatic species
lost in embryotic development |
Muscular post anal tail
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Urochordata includes
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Tunicates
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_____ most resemble chordates during thier larva stage
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Urochordata
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Tunicates are ______ feeders
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suspension feeders
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Cephalochordata includes
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Lancets
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Lancets are
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marine suspension feeders
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Craniates are defined as
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Chordates that have a head
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The development of a ____ gave rise to a completely different way of feeding in chordates called _____
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head
active preditiation |
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A ___________ a collection that appears near the dorsal margins of the closing neural tube in an embryo
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Neural crest
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Neural crest cell gave rise to these structures
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Bones and cartilage of the skull
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Hagfish belong to the class ____ in the phylum ____
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Myxini
Craniate |
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Verteabrates are defined as
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Craniates with backbones
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Small (40mm) vertebrates from the cambrian have dentine
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Conodonts
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Jawless fish with gills for for respiration
bodies are armored plates |
Ostraoderms
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Lampreys blong in the class
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Cephalaspidmorphi
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Lampreys, hagfish, and ostraoderms are _____
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Agnathostomes
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Gnathostomes are
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fish with jaws
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_____ give jaws shape
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Pharyngal slits
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1st arch of the pharyngal slits became
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mandible and quatrate
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2nd arch in pharyngeal slits became
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hyoid
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Derived characters of gnathostomes
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Enhanced sensory systems
a mineralized endoskeleton Paired apendages |
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Earliest Gnathostomes are an extinct lineage of armored vertebras called ____
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placoderms
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Acanthodians share a common ancestor with _____-
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osteichyes
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Chondrichthyes are
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sharks and rays and relatives
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Condrichthyes are defined by their
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cartilaginous skeletons
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Two lineages of Chonrichthyes
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Sharks and Rays
Ratfishes |
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The sensory organ of a shark
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Ampulae of Lorenzini
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Oviparous
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lay eggs
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Ovoviviparous
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Eggs remain internal
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Young recieve nutrition from mother
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vivparous
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Reproductive organs in sharks
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clasper and collegian
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Majority of vertebras belong to the clade of gnathostomes called
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osterichthyes
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Ray fish and Lobe fish belong to the clade
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Osherichthyes
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Ray-finned fish belong to the class
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Achtinopterygii
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Lobe finned fish belong to the class
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Sarcoptergii
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Sarcoptergii also includes
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Tetrapods
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Derived characteristics of Tetrapods
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Four limbs with feet that have digits
Ears for detecting airborn sound |
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Gas exchange in amphibians come through thier
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moist skin
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Amphibians are dependent on _____ for _____
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standing water for reproduction
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3 orders of Amphibians
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Urodela
Anura Apoda |
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urodela is a order of
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newts and salamanders
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Anura includes
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frogs and toads
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Apoda includes
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caecilains which are legless and resemble worms
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___ group of tetrapods that are have completely adapted to terrestrial life
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amniotes
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Amniotes include
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reptiles and mammals
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Parts of the amniotes egg
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shell
allantois chorion yolk albumen embryo |
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Terestrail adaptations of aminotes
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impermeable skin and the ability to use the rib cage to ventilate the lungs
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ectothermic
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•Absorbing external heat as the
main source of body heat |
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endothermic
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•Capable of keeping the body warm
through metabolism |
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First major group of reptiles to emerge
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parareptiles
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turtles upper shell
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carapace
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turtles lower shell
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plastron
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Two main lineages of parareptiles
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lepidosaurs and the archosaurs
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Representative of lepidsaurs
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tuatara
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The other major living lineage of lepidosaura are the
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squatamata
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legless lepidosaurs
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snakes
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•Belong to an archosaur lineage that dates back to the
late Triassic |
crocodilians
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Archosaur are
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dinosaurs
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Birds are
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Archosaurs
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Many of the characters of birds are adaptations that facilitate flight like..
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hollow bones
breast muscle clavicle (wish bone) sac lungs |
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A bird’s most obvious
adaptations for flight are its |
wings and feathers
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front of bird wings
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shaft
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back of birds wings
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vane
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Paleognathae's are known as
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flightless birds
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Neognathae are known as
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birds with the ability to fly
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T-rexes are in the class.... are known for being bipedial
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Threopoda
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