Chapter 3 World History Flashcards

Front 1

Indo-Europeans

Back 1

These people are thought to have been a nomadic tribe who came from the plains of the Caucasus mountains, and then spread out from there.

Front 2

steepes

Back 2

A dry grassland that is found north of the Caucasus Mountains between the Black and Caspian Seas.

Front 3

migration

Back 3

The movement of people or animals from one region to another.

Front 4

Hitties

Back 4

A Indo-European people group who live in Anatolia, modern day Turkey, around 2,000 B.C . They were skilled from workers, and made advanced weapons that helped them forge an empire that would reach into Mesopotamia.

Front 5

Anatolia

Back 5

Also know as Asia minor, or the country of Turkey, it is a large penninsula that, juts out into the Meddetiterannean sea. The land is mostly made up of high, rocky plateaus which provide an abundant supply of timber and minerals.

Front 6

Aryans

Back 6

A light skinned tall, semi-nomadic group of herders who originated in the mountains between the Caspian and Aral seas. Around 1,000 B.C they invaded and conquered the Indus valley creating their own kingdom.

Front 7

Vedas

Back 7

This is a collection of four, Aryan, religious texts which show prayers, magical spells, and instructions for performing rituals.

Front 8

Brahmin

Back 8

They are Aryan priests, and the most respected of the four main social groups of that culture.

Front 9

Caste

Back 9

This was a term coined by c. Portuguese explorers to explain social structure of the Indian people. The system was originally used by the Aryans to separate their people from the groups they conquered.

Front 10

Mahabharata

Back 10

One of the great epics of Idian literature which recounts the struggles of the Aryans to conquer India.

Front 11

reincarnation

Back 11

The belief that a person's soul is reborn time and time again until that person discovers perfect knowledge know as Maksha.

Front 12

karma

Back 12

A sort of record kept of all the good or bad things that a person has done in their life, which then affects them when they are reincarnated into their new life.

Front 13

Jainism

Back 13

A religion that was founded by Mahavira, in the 6 c. B.C., that believes that every living thing has a soul and thus should not be harmed.

Front 14

Siddhartha Gautama

Back 14

He was a young nobleman who after years of pampering decided to look for the meaning of life. He eventually became enlightened and from then on was known as Buddha, who founded the religion of Buddhism.

Front 15

enlightenment

Back 15

To have great wisdom.

Front 16

Nirvana

Back 16

This is the highest level of enlightenment that a person can achieve in Buddhism. This is when a person is released from the human bondage of selfishness and pain.

Front 17

Minoans

Back 17

An ancient, seaferring culture that was centered around the island of Crete from 2,000 to 4,000 B.C. An extremely advanced and rich culture, they suddenly collapsed around 1,200 B.C when the Thera volcano violently erupted destroying their civilization.

Front 18

Aegean Sea

Back 18

The body of water that is found between Greece and the Anatolia Penninsula.

Front 19

Knassos

Back 19

The capital city of the Minoans were an advanced and largely peaceful people.

Front 20

King Minos

Back 20

He was the mythological king of Crete, who was a monster called a minotaur (half human, half bull) locked in a maze to kill his enemies.

Front 21

Phoenicians

Back 21

These people did not have a united country, but in occupied a number of city-States in the modern area of Lebanon.They were accomplished sailors, and ship builders, who became powerful traders in the Meddetiterannean region, around 1,000 B.C .