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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A 43-year-old well-trained female distance runner completes a 12-mi le run and immediately provides a blood sample for a creatine phosphokinase (CK) level in a research study. The next day, a rest day with no exercise, she submits a second sample. How will each CK level compare with those of a sex- and age-matched non-athletic control?
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Immediately after strenuous exercise, the CK wi ll be elevated. The next day, however, the CK will be lower than that of the control, as chronic aerobic exercise lowers baseline CXK levels.
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What is the effect of a high-protein diet, such as the Atkins diet, on blood urea nitrogen (BUN)?
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A high-protein diet will increase the BUN. Excess protein cannot be fully utilized and is metabolized into urea for excretion.
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Describe the effect of an upright posture on serum albumin.
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The upright posture increases hydrostatic pressure. As water and small electrolytes leak out of the vascular compartment, the concentration of serum proteins such as albumin increase.
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What preservative maintains blood glucose stability and is chosen for glucose testing?
How does this preservative work? |
Flouoride, which is added to heparin, inhibits glycolysis to maintain a stable glucose level. Otherwise, RBCs continue to utilize glucose at a rate of 5% per hour.
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Name two common blood collection tubes would be inappropriate for serum calcium levels?
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The lavender top tube contains ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, and the blue top tube contains a buffered citrate, both of which bind calcium to inhibit the coagulation cascade.
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A clinician brings a hemolyzed sample to the laboratory and asks if any of the following tests can be performed with reasonable accuracy: sodium, potassium, phosphate, AST and LDH.
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Only the test for sodium can still be performed. All the other analytes exist in significantly high concentrations inside erythrocytes, and are thus increased in serum/plasma with hemolysis.
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What preservative, if any, is recommended for a 24-hour urine collection for catecholamines and vanillylmandelic acid?
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10mL of 6 N hydrochloric acid should be added to a 3- .or 4-liter urine collection container.
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A clinician is preparing to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a patient with a pressure of 125 mHg, measured in a sterile manometer. How much CSF can be removed for various studies?
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This is a normal CSF pressure, so 20 mL may be removed.
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All serum or plasma laboratory measurements should ideally be performed within 1 hour after collection, and certain tests must be performed immediately. If analysis cannot be performed within 4 hours, at what temperature should serum/ plasma be stored?
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The specimen should be stored at 4-6°C.
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A centrifuge spins down a sample for 10 minutes at 8200 rpm . The distance from the axis of rotation to the center of the tube is 20 cm. What is the relative centrifugal force (RCF) on the tube?
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The formula for RCF is 1.118x10^-5 X r X (rpm)2 where 1.118x10^-5s a constant, and r is the radius in cm. The duration of centrifugation is not part
of the formula. In this case, 1.118 x 10^-5 x 20cm x (8200)2 = 1.504 x 10^4, or 15035 times the force of gravity. |
