Chapter 3: Matter- Properties And Changes

Front 1

States of matter

Back 1

The physical forms in which all matter naturally exists on Earth- most commonly as a solid, liquid, or a gas

Front 2

Solid

Back 2

Form of matter that has its own definite shape and volume

Front 3

Liquid

Back 3

Form of matter that flows, has a constant volume, and takes the shape of its container

Front 4

Gas

Back 4

Form of matter that not only flows to conform to the shape of its container but also fill the entire volume of its container

Front 5

Vapor

Back 5

Gaseous state of a substance that is solid or a liquid at room temperature

Front 6

Physical Property

Back 6

characteristic of a matter that can be observed or measured without changing the sample's composition

Front 7

Extensive Properties

Back 7

dependent on the amout of substance present

Front 8

Intensive Properties

Back 8

independent of the amount of substance present

Front 9

Chemical Property

Back 9

ability or inabililty of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances

Front 10

Physical Change

Back 10

a change, which alters a substance without changing its composition

Front 11

Phase Change

Back 11

transition of matter from one state to another

Front 12

Chemical Change

Back 12

process that involves one or more substances changing into new substances

Front 13

Law of Conservation of Mass

Back 13

mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction-it is conserved.
Mass(reactants)=Mass(products)

Front 14

Mixture

Back 14

combination of two or ore pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical property

Front 15

Heterogeneous mixture

Back 15

mixture that does not blend smoothly throughout and in which the individual substances remain destinct

Front 16

Homogeneous mixture

Back 16

mixture that has constant composition throughout;it always has a single phase

Front 17

Solutions

Back 17

homogeneous mixtures

Front 18

Filtration

Back 18

technique that uses a porous barrier to a separate a solid from a liquid

Front 19

Distillation

Back 19

physical separation technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of the sustances involved

Front 20

Crystallization

Back 20

seperation techique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissoled substance

Front 21

Sublimation

Back 21

the process during which a solid changes to vapor without melting

Front 22

Chromatography

Back 22

technique that separates the components of a mixture dissolved in either a gas or a liquid(mobile phase) based on the ability of each component to travel or tot be drawn across the surface of a fixed substrate(stationary phase)

Front 23

Element

Back 23

pure substance that cannot be seperated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means

Front 24

Periodic Table

Back 24

chart that organizes all known elements into a grid of horizontal rows(periods) and vertical columns(families) arranged by increasing atomic number

Front 25

Compound

Back 25

made up of two or more different elements that are combined chemically

Front 26

Law of Definite Proportions

Back 26

states that a compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass, no matter how large or small the sample.

Front 27

Percent by Mass

Back 27

ratio of the mass of each element to the total mass of the compound expressed as a percentage
percent by mass=mass of element/mass of compound(x100)

Front 28

Law of Multiple Proportions

Back 28

states that when different compounds are formed by a combination of the same elements, different masses of one element combine with the same fixed mass of the other element in a ratio of small whole numbers

Front 29

A process that involves o or more substance changing into new substances is known as a ______change

Back 29

Chemical

Front 30

Cutting a sheet of paper is an example of a____change

Back 30

Physical

Front 31

A_____ property enables a substance to combine with or change into one or more substance

Back 31

Chemical

Front 32

Sugar is a ______ form of matter with a definite shape and volume

Back 32

Solid