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5 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Cultural tools
the development of a child’s thinking depends on his mastery of the social means of thinking, that is, speech.
Through continuous interaction with others, especially adults and older children, a child revises and advances his or her levels of understanding. Over time, the mastery of these cultural tools or symbol systems will permit the individual to alter their environment and guide, regulate, and redefine themselves
Culture as mediator:
cognitive development must be understood in the context of culture.
intermental to intramental
Pointing is an example of the movement from intermental to intramental – the child reaches for an object out of reach, the caregiver sees this, so the child formulates a socially meaningful gesture – pointing.
Inner speech
egocentric speech is the transformation of social speech inward – the child uses social speech with others to guide his or her own behaviors. Social speech is internalized, and becomes inner speech as a method of problem solving.
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD):
the difference between what a learner can do without help and what he or she can do with help. Through continuous interaction with others a child revises his or her levels of understanding – learning through example, the help of older children, etc. The notion of scaffolding – weaning the child off guidance as their develop more complex means of solving problems, and no longer require assistance.