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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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physical activity
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any kind of movement that causes your body to use energy
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fitness
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ability to handle the physical work and play of everyday life without being tired
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exercise
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physical activity that is planned, structured, and improves personal fitness
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strength
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the ability of your muscles to exert a force
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endurance
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the ability to perform vigorous physical activity without getting overly tired
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Heart and Lung Endurance
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measure of how effectively your heart and lungs work during the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity or exercise.
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muscle endurance
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ability of a muscle to repeatedly exert a force over a prolonged period of time
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Aerobic exercise
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rhythmic, nonstop, moderate-to-vigorous activity that requires large amounts of oxygen and works the heart
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anaerobic exercise
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intense physical activity that requires little oxygen but involves short bursts of energy
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flexibility
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the ability to move joints fully and easily
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Give an example of an aerobic activity
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walking, jogging, bicycling, swimming laps, and/or cross-country skiing.
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Give an example of anaerobic activity
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weight lifting and/or sprints
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Give a benefit of increased flexibility
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Helps you feel more comfortable
reduces your risk of injury during strength or endurance training |
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skeletal system
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the framework of bones and other tissues that supports the body
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muscular system
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tissues that move parts of the body and operate internal organs
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joints
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places where two or more bones meet
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cartilage
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allows joints to move easily, cushions bones, and supports soft tissues, such as those in the nose and ear
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Ligaments
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hold bones in place at the joints
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tendons
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join muscle to muscle or muscle to bone
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How many bones are included in the skeletal system?
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206 bones
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Example of an immovable joint
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skull
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Example of a pivot joint
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where your neck and head meets
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Example of a gliding joint
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wrist or ankle
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Example of a Ball-and-socket joint
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shoulder or hip
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Example of a hinge joint
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knee and elbow
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skull
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cranium
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collarbone
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clavicle
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shoulder blade
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scapula
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breast bone
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sternum
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upper arm bone
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humerous
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wrist bone
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carpals
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hand
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metacarpals
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fingers/toes
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phalanges
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ankle
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tarsals
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foot bones
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metatarsals
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knee cap
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patella
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thighbone
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femur
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upper back bones
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thoracic vertebrae
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lower back
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lumber vertebrae
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What are involuntary muscles
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muscles that move without your control
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give an example of an involuntary muscle
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cardiac muscle
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what are voluntary muscles
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muscles that move to your command/control
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what muscle raises the head
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trapezius
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what muscle flexes the foot
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tibialis anterior
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what muscle aids in breathing
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external oblique
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what muscle raises the arm
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deltoid
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what muscle moves arm
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pectoralis major
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what muscle extends the toe
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extensor digitorum longus
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circulatory system
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the group of organs and tissues that transport essential materials to body cells and remove their waste products
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arteries
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the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all parts of the body
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veins
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the blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart from all parts of the body
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capillaries
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provide body cells with blood and connect arteries with veins
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pulmonary circulation
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carries the blood from the heart, through the lungs, and back to the heart
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systemic circulation
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sends oxygen-rich blood to all the body tissues except the lungs
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plasma
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a yellowish fluid, the watery portion of blood
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blood pressure
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the force of blood pushing against the walls of the blood vessels
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what does the circulatory system consist of
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arteries, veins, and capillaries
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the circulatory system is also known as what
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cardiovascular system
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the largest artery in the body is...
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aorta
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process of blood flow (arrows)
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left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, capillary, veins, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, pulmonary veins, start over
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Name the four parts of the blood
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plasma
platelets red blood cells white blood cells |
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Name the four types of blood
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O
A B AB |
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What blood type is the universal donor
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O
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What blood type is the universal recipient
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AB
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body composition
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the proportions of fat, bones, muscle, and fluid that make up body weight
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warm-up
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gentle exercise you do to prepare your muscles for moderate to vigorous activity
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cool-down
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gentle exercises that let your body adjust to ending a workout
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frequency
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the number of days you work out each week
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intensity
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how much energy you use when you work out
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target heart rate
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number of heartbeats per minute that you should aim for during moderate to vigorous activity to benefit your circulatory system the most
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name three steps to starting a fitness program
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think of goals
work out safely make a schedule |
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What does F.I.T. stand for
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Frequency, Intensity, and length of Time of your workout session
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individual sports
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physical activities you can take part in by yourself or with another person, without being part of a team
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team sports
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organized physical activities with specific rules, played by opposing groups of people
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dehydration
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excessive loss of water from the body
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conditioning
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training to get into shape
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over training
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exercising too hard or too often, without enough rest in between sessions
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anabolic steroids
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synthetic compounds that cause muscle tissue to develop at an abnormally high rate
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name two ways to prevent an injury
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warm-up and cool-down
observe the safety rules |
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name two side effects of steroids
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development of acne
increased anxiety |
