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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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organic compounds |
chemical compound containing the element carbon and usually synthesized by cells |
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macromolecule |
giant molecule formed by joined smaller molecules |
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monomer |
chemical sub unit that serves as a building block of a polymer |
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polymer |
large molecule consisting of many identical or similar molecule units called monomers, covantly joined together in a chain |
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dehydration |
chemical process in which a polymer forms when monomers are linked by the removal of water molecules |
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Hydrolysis |
chemical process in which macromolecules are broken down by the chemical addition of water molecules to bonds linking their monomers. |
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Carbohydrate |
biological molecule consisting of a simple suger, 2 monosaccharides joined into a double sugar, or a chain of monosaccaharides. |
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Monosaccharide |
smallest kind of sugar molecule; simple-unit sugar; simple sugar |
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Disaccharide |
sugar molecule consisting of 2 monosaccharides linked by a dehydration reaction |
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Polysaccharide |
carbohydrate polymer consisting of many monosaccharides linked by covalent bonds |
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Starch |
storage polysaccharide found in the roots of plants and certain other cells. |
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Glycogen |
complex, extensively branched polysaccharide made up of many glucose monomers |
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Cellulose |
a large polysaccharide composed of many glucose monomers linked into cable-like fibrils that provide structural support in plant cell walls. |
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Lipid |
organic compound consisting mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms linked by nonpolar covalent bonds. |
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Triglyceride |
diatry fat that consists of a molecule of glycerol linked to there molecule of Fatty Acids |
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Nucleic Acid |
polymer consisting of many nucleotide molecules; serves as a blueprint. |
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Nucleotide |
Organic monomer consisting of a 5-carbon covalently bonded to a nitrogen base and a phosphate group. |
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Protein |
biological polymer constructed from amino acids and monomers |
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Amino Acids |
organic molecule containing a carboxl group, and amino group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable side group |
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Peptide Bond |
covalent linked between 2 amino acid units in a polypetide, formed by dehyration reaction betwen 2 amino acids |
