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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diffusion |
The net movement of molecules and ions from a region of their higher consentration to a region of their lower consentration gradient, as a result of their random movement |
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Osmosis |
The diffusion of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential through a partially permeable membrane |
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Active transport |
1. The movement of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower consentration to a region of higher consentration using the energy from respiration.
2. The movement of molecules and ions In or out of the cell through the cell membrane aginst a concentration gradient, using energy from respiration. |
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Vitamin b |
Essential for the working of certain enzymes in the body. |
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Vitamin c |
-Has many uses - ex. Needed to form collagen, skin, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels - also repair and maintain cartilage, bones, and teeth, heal wounds and form scar tissue. |
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Examples of diffusion in living organisms |
- Diffusion from the air of carbon dioxide through plants stomata - Diffusion of oxygen out of the stomata of a plants leaves - gas exchange in respiration in plants and animals - some products of digestion are absorbed from ileum of mammals by diffusion - flowering plants use diffusion to attract pollinators |
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High water potential |
Dilute solution |
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Low water potential |
Concentrated solution |
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Cell membrains often? |
- separate 2 different solutions |
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What happens when an animal cell is submerged in pure water? |
- osmosis will take place & water will diffuse into the cell. With no cell wall the cell will swell until the strain is too much & the cell bursts. |
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What happens when an animal cell is submerged in a solution that is more concentrated than its cytoplasm? |
- osmosis takes place. Water will diffuse out of the cell. The cytoplasm will shrink and the cell shrivels up. |
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What happens when a plant cell is submerged in pure water? |
- osmosis takes place. Water diffuses into the cytoplasm and vacuole. The cell becomes turgid but does not burst because of the cell wall which pushes against the cell membrane and its contents. |
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What happens when a plant cell is submerged in a solution that is more concentrated than its cytoplasm? |
Osmosis takes place. Water diffuses out of the cytoplasm and vacuole. First, the cell shrinks slightly & becomes flaccid. Then the cell membrane tears away from the cell wall, & the cell is plasmolysed. |
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Plasmolysed |
- the condition of a plant cell that has lost so much water that its cytoplasm shrinks and pulls the cell membrane away from the cell wall |
