Chapter 3-1 And 3-2 Notes

Front 1

What does the tilt of the Earth determine? What does the process cause?

Back 1

It determines which hemisphere receives the Sun's most direct rays at a given time of the year

This process causes the changing of seasons

Front 2

What does burning coal, natural gas, and oil add to the lower atmosphere?

Back 2

Carbon dioxide

Front 3

What is air (atmospheric) pressure?

Back 3

The air around you, extending to the top of the atmosphere, is always pushing down on you

Front 4

What are the four major air pressure zones?

Back 4

Equilatural low
Subtropic highs
Subpolar low
Polar Highs

Front 5

What is wind? What do the westerlies do?

Back 5

The horizontal flow of air

They carry weather patterns and storms west to east

Front 6

What are currents? How are they created?

Back 6

Great rivers of seawater

Earth winds and rotation and ocean temperatures

Front 7

Name the northward-flowing warm current found along the U.S. East Coast

Back 7

The Gulf Stream

Front 8

If we didn't have water vapor, what other three things would we not have?

Back 8

Clouds, rain, and storms

Front 9

What is elevation?

Back 9

Height on Earth's surface above sea level

Front 10

What country experiences more tornadoes that any other?

Back 10

The United States

(In Tornado Alley)

Front 11

In what body of water will you find hurricanes and where will you find typhoons?

Back 11

Hurricanes-Atlantic Ocean

Typhoons-Pacific and Indian Oceans

Front 12

What is the tropical humid climate region always warm?

Back 12

Because the equator receives the Sun's direct rays all year

Front 13

Most arid, or desert, climate regions are centered at about what latitude line?

Back 13

30 degrees

Front 14

What are four factors that can create dry climates?

Back 14

1. Persistent high pressure
2. Location in the interior of a continent
3. A rain shadow
4. Highly stable conditions created by a cool ocean

Front 15

What is the difference between deciduous and coniferous forests?

Back 15

Deciduous-Trees lose their leaves during part of the year

Coniferous-Trees remain green year round

Front 16

Which climate region has four distinct seasons?

Back 16

Humid Continental

Front 17

Name the three types of high-latitude climates

Back 17

Subarctic
Tundra
Icecap

Front 18

What is permafrost?

Back 18

Permanently frozen soil

Front 19

Name four example of tundra vegetation

Back 19

1. Mosses
2. Lichens
3. Low shrubs
4. Herbs

Front 20

What is the tree line?

Back 20

The line above which trees can no longer grow

Front 21

What is surprising about the climate on Mt. Kilimanjaro?

Back 21

Although it is located close to the equator, it's elevation causes an icecap climate region on its summit