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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are gametes and where are they produced? |
a matured reproductive sex cell, the sperm (male) and egg (female) that are ready to unite and form a zygote. they're produced in the ovaries & testes |
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are gametes haploid or diploid? |
haploid |
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what are the gonads? |
males - testes, which produce spermatozoa & are located in the scrotum. females - ovaries, which produce oocytes & are located on each side of the uterus. |
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define spermatogenesis. where does it occur? |
it's the production of sperm that occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes |
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what's the scrotum? location & function? |
it's the area that encloses the testis. function: protect the testes and regulate their temperature. location: in between penis and anus. |
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what are the functions of the dartos & cremaster muscles? |
dartos: muscle that wrinkles scrotal sac. cremaster: muscle surrounding testes that pulls the sac closer to the body for warmth. |
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describe the testes. location, function, what they produce |
the male gonad that produces spermatozoa. they are contained in the scrotum. function is to produce sperm and hormones (testosterone) |
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what are the seminiferous tubules? what two types of cells do they contain? |
coiled tubules in the testes that secrete sex hormones & contain spermatogonia. it's where sperm are made. contains sustentacular cells (sustain/promote sperm development) and interstitial cells (produce testosterone) |
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what are the sustentacular cells? |
cells in the seminiferous tubules involved in spermatogenesis |
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what are the stem cells in sperm production called? |
spermatogonia |
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what are intersitial cells? |
cells in between the seminiferous tubules that produce testosterone |
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describe the functions of LH & FSH in a male. where do they come from? |
LH (leutinizing hormone): causes secretion of testosterone & other androgens FSH (follicle stimulating hormone): targets sustentacular cells to promote spermatogenesis. |
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describe the epidiymus. |
a long coiled tube right above the testes that matures spermatozoa, reduces fluid from the seminiferous tubules, and stores spermatozoa until ejaculation. |
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describe the vas deferens. |
where sperm travel through to get from the epididymis to the urethra. |
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what's the path sperm take when being ejaculated? |
epididymis --> inguinal canal (which forms into the ampulla) --> ejaculatory duct --> urethra |
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what structures are found in the spermatic cord? |
testicular artery, pampiniform plexus, ductus deferens, and a nerve |
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what structures merge to form the ejaculatory duct and what does it do? |
seminal vesicle & ampulla. it allows semen to be emptied into the urethra to be ejaculated. |
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where is the urethra located? what reproductive material passes through? |
connect the urinary bladder to the penis. semen and urine |
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what are the three parts of the urethra? |
prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, penile urethra |
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describe the prostate gland & its location |
located under the bladder, secretes slightly acidic prostate fluid |
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describe seminal vesicles & its location |
contributes 60% of semen volume, containing fructose, prostaglandins, and fibrinogen location: above prostate gland |
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describe bulbourethral glands & its location. |
secrete alkaline mucus with lubricating properties to neutralize the acidity of any traces of urine located underneath the prostate gland. |
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what's semen, how much is produced per ejaculate, and why are all its components necessary? |
it's a mix of glandular secretions & spermatozoa. ejaculation contains 80 million sperm and 2-5 mL of fluid. it's components are necessary because they keep the sperm healthy/alive and ready to fertilize an egg. |