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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Cardiac Tamponade
(patho) |
Accumulation of fluid inside the pericardium. (greater than 25 cc)
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Cardiac tamponade involves pericardial effusion of air, pus, serum, blood, or combo of all
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Cardiac Tamponade
(s/s, c/c) |
C/C. Chest pain or difficulty breathing.
Chest pain can be dull or sharp and severe depending on the underlying cause |
S/S. * Weak Rapid pulse
*early stages will show greater venous pressure seen with JVD *narrowing pulse pressure *Heart sounds are normal in earlier findings but will become muffled and faint later on |
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Cardiac Tamponade
(onset) |
May be gradual as in pericarditis or as in benign or melignant cancer. Or it can be acute as in an MI or truama
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Cardiac Tamponade
(Things to consider) |
Determine if the cause is from penetrating or blunt force trauma including recent CPR.
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-If gradual onset ask if pt has had any recent infection or MI.
-Is the pt currently having an MI -Does the pt have HX of renal disease or hypothyroidism |
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Cardiac Tamponade
(Treatment ) |
For Field- Supportive care, High flow O2, I.V., Rapid transport.
*If pt goes unconcious follow intubation protocol *If pt loses pulse Begin CPR |
Hospital- Invasive pericardialcnetesis
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Cardiac Tamponade
(medications) |
Dopemine, Lasix, Morphine, Nitrous.
(Follow locol protocol) |
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Hypertensive Emergencies
(patho) |
An acute elevation of blood pressure
*a rapid increase in the diastolic BP greater than 130mmHg |
Hypertensive encephalopathy is ofthe accompanied with HTN
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Hypertensive Emergency
(S/S. C/C) |
Pts may be complaining of or have signs of
*Increase BP *restlessness/confusion *blurred vision *N/V *Epitaxis *If pt is pregnant edema of face and hands may be present with photosensitivity |
With involvment of Hypertensive Encephalopathy pt may have
*Severe Headache *visual impairment *paralysis *seizures or coma which may cause left ventricular failure,P.E. or stroke |
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Hypertensive Emergency
(Things to Consider) |
*most pt are non-compliant with meds
*Toxemia of pregnancy between 12th week and term delivery (preeclamptic) |
Preeclampsia
Is a BP of at least 140/90 in pregnant females. -poses high risk of abrupto placentae which progress into seizures or coma -If untreated mean death to mother and child |
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Hypertensive Emergency
(findings or presentation) |
*Left ventricular Failure
*Possible P.E. *pulse strong may be bounding *Systolic greater than 160 mmHg / diastolic greater than 90 mmHg *skin may be pale,flushed or normal cool / warm, moist or dry *look for edema |
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Hypertensive Emergency
(Treatment) |
O2, supportive I.V. therapy, Transport desicion based on pt condition but do not prolong transport.
-If pt is pregnat transport pt on left lateral recumbant position. |
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Hypertensive Emergency
(medications) |
Morphine, Lasix, Nitro, Sodium nitroprusside, Labetalol.
*Follow local protocol (Orange County only carries Nitro and Morphine) -Obtain med control orders before administering meds. |
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Hypertensive Emergency
(late Signs) |
Strokes
P.E. Kidney Damage *advice pt of these risks if pt is refusing |
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