Chapter 27 Flashcards

Front 1

Kellog-Briand Treaty

Back 1

A near useless international treaty in which almost every nation in the world agreed to renounce war as an instrument of national policy, except for self-defense.

Front 2

Washington Conference

Back 2

Agreement of limits on shipbuilding for many naval powers. Including the United States, Great Britain, and Japan.

Front 3

Adolf Hitler

Back 3

The leader of Nazi Germany. Anti-Semite who started the Holocaust and World War 2 in Europe.

Front 4

Nye Committee

Back 4

The committee that investigated foreign policies and created the Neutrality Acts.

Front 5

America First Committee

Back 5

Group that preached isolationism, worry about America before you worry about the rest of the world.

Front 6

War Production Board

Back 6

The organization in charge of running the defense industries during the war through setting prices and awarding tax credits.

Front 7

Fair Employment Practices Committee

Back 7

Put in place to ban racial discrimination in war industries. Proved to be weak in the private sector.

Front 8

"Zoot Suit" Riot

Back 8

White American sailors attacked Mexican youths wearing long jackets and pants with the legs pinned at the ankles.

Front 9

D-Day

Back 9

Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normany. A joint Western Allied attempt at opening a second front in Europe.

Front 10

Manhattan Project

Back 10

The American TOP SECRET PROJECT to develop the atomic bomb.

Front 11

Los Alamos

Back 11

The Los Alamos National Labaratory was founded to undertake the Manhattan Project.

Front 12

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Back 12

The two Japanese cities that were destroyed by atomic bombs, after which Japan surrendered.

Front 13

Chiang Kai-Sheik

Back 13

The leader of the nationalist faction of China, was fighting a civil war with Communists while fighting the Japanese.

Front 14

Hideki Tojo

Back 14

The military dictator of Japan. Though not Emperor, he essentially controlled the empire.

Front 15

Charles deGaulle

Back 15

Leader of the Free French Forces, would later become President of France.

Front 16

Joseph Stalin

Back 16

The ruthless dictator of the Soviet Union. Killed millions of his own people with giant public works projects.

Front 17

A. Phillip Randolph

Back 17

The most important African American civil rights leader of the period. Convinced FDR to establish the Fair Employment Practices Committee.

Front 18

Henry Stimson

Back 18

Head of the War Department during the Second World War. Also was in charge of the Manhattan Project.

Front 19

Cordell Hull

Back 19

Longest-serving Secretary of State. The Father of the United States.

Front 20

Veterans of Future Wars

Back 20

Groups of college students demanded pay for the wars they would have to fight in the future.

Front 21

Sudetenland

Back 21

Eastern portion of Czechoslovakia that was given to the Germans by the British and French in an attempt at appeasement.

Front 22

Nazi-Soviet Pact

Back 22

A non-aggression pact between Germany and the Soviet Union and that secretly divided Eastern Europe between the two countries.

Front 23

Cash and Carry/Lend-Lease Acts

Back 23

If ships arrived in America and had cash, they could purchase war supplies and transport them back home. Lend-Lease meant that the United States would give away war supplies to the Allies and transport them themselves.

Front 24

Mother's Crusade

Back 24

Crusade by mothers to keep their kids from getting involved in war.

Front 25

Reuben James

Back 25

U-boat sunk the ship, Reuben James, killing nearly a hundred Americans. Pushed America towards war.

Front 26

Tripartite Pact

Back 26

Established the Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis.

Front 27

Axis Powers

Back 27

The powers that signed the Tripartite Pact: Germany, Italy, and Japan.

Front 28

Pearl Harbor

Back 28

Suprise attack on the American Pacific naval base by the Japanese that crippled the Pacific fleet.

Front 29

Winston Churchill

Back 29

Leader of Great Britain during World War 2. Kept the British fighting on even in the darkest of times.

Front 30

Battle of Stalingrad

Back 30

The turning on the Eastern Front. Millions of Soviets and Germans died in the six month battle.

Front 31

North African Campaign

Back 31

The first campaign in which Americans fought the Germans. Had a rough start but the Axis was driven from North Africa.

Front 32

Charles Nimitz

Back 32

Led one of the two drives in the Pacific to link up at the Philippines.

Front 33

Office of Price Administration(OPA)

Back 33

Established to keep prices in check during World War 2.

Front 34

Executive Order 9066

Back 34

The embargo of all oil to Japan. Would lead to war, Pearl Harbor.

Front 35

Nisei

Back 35

Japanese-Americans who were born in the United States but had Japanese ancestors.

Front 36

Atlantic Charter

Back 36

The United States and Great Britain laid out plans for a post-war world even before the United States declared war.

Front 37

Big Three Conference

Back 37

When Britain, the US, and Russia met to discuss policies and strategies to win the war.

Front 38

Battle of the Bulge

Back 38

Final counter-offensive of Germany. Nearly destroyed the Western Allies. Luck held and German Army was fatally weakened.

Front 39

Manchuria

Back 39

Industrial Western part of China. Point of most US trade. Invasion by Japan lead to confrontation.

Front 40

USS Missouri

Back 40

The ship on which the Japanese signed the official declaration of surrender.