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40 Cards in this Set

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Kellog-Briand Treaty
was signed on August 27, 1928 by the United States, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Japan, and a number of other states. The pact renounced aggressive war, prohibiting the use of war as "an instrument of national policy" except in matters of self-defense
Manhattan Project
codename for a project conducted during World War II to develop the first atomic bomb, before the Germans or the Japanese. The project was led by the United States, and included participation from the United Kingdom and Canada.
D-Day
were the landing operations of the Allied invasion of Normandy, also known as Operation Overlord and Operation Neptune, during World War II. The landings commenced on Tuesday, 6 June 1944
“Zoot Suit” Riots
The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of riots in 1943 during World War II that erupted in Los Angeles, California between European-American sailors and Marines stationed throughout the city and Latino youths, who were recognizable by the zoot suits they favored. While Mexican Americans were the primary targets of military servicemen, African American and Filipino/Filipino American youth were also targeted
America First Committee
was the foremost non-interventionist pressure group against the American entry into World War II. Peaking at 800,000 members, it was likely the largest anti-war organization in American history.
Fair Employment Practices
implemented US Executive Order 8802, requiring that companies with government contracts not to discriminate on the basis of race or religion. It was intended to help African Americans and other minorities obtain jobs in the homefront industry.
War Production Board
was established as a government agency on January 16, 1942 by executive order of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

The purpose of the board was to regulate the production and allocation of materials and fuel during World War II in the United States.
Washington Conference
was held in Washington, D.C. from December 22, 1941 to January 14, 1942. It was the first strategic meeting between the heads of government of the United Kingdom and the United States after the United States entered World War II. The delegations were headed by the British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, and the American President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Nye Committee
was a committee in the United States Senate which studied the causes of United States' involvement in World War I
Adolf Hitler
was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, abbreviated NSDAP), commonly known as the Nazi Party. He was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and served as head of state as Führer und Reichskanzler from 1934 to 1945.
Rueben James
October 27, 1941, a German submarine damaged this boat killing more than one hundred American sailors.
"Mother's Crusade"
Protested against the passage of the Lend-Lease Act.
Cash and Carry/ Lend-Lease Acts
A policy requested by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt at a special session of the United States Congress on 21 September 1939, as World War II was spreading throughout Europe. It replaced the Neutrality Acts of 1936. The revision allowed the sale of materiel to belligerents, as long as the recipients arranged for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately in cash, assuming all risk in transportation. The purpose was to hold neutrality between the United States and European countries while still giving material aid to Britain, exploiting the fact that Germany had no funds and could not reliably ship across the British-controlled Atlantic. Various policies forbade selling implements of war or lending money to belligerent countries under any terms.

The name of the program under which the United States of America supplied the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China, France and other Allied nations with vast amounts of war material between 1941 and 1945
Nazi - Soviet Pact
Enabled Germany to avoid a two-front war; the Russians were rewarded with a generous slice of eastern Poland.
Sudetenland
A province of Czechoslovakia with a large German population.
Veterans of Future Wars
Undergraduates at Princeton who formed a parody on veteran's groups, to demand a bonus of $1000 a piece before they marched off to a foreign war.
Cordell Hull
An American politician from the U.S. state of Tennessee. He is best-known as the longest-serving Secretary of State, holding the position for 11 years (1933–1944) in the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt during much of World War II. Hull received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945 for his role in establishing the United Nations, and was referred to by President Roosevelt as the Father of the United Nations
Henry Stimson
An American statesman, who served as Secretary of War, Secretary of State and Governor-General of the Philippines. He is best known for managing the U.S. military as Secretary of War during the Roosevelt administration in World War II.
A. Phillip Randolph
A prominent twentieth-century African-American civil rights leader and the founder of both the March on Washington Movement and the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, a landmark for labor and particularly for African-American labor organizing.
Charles deGaulle
A French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II. He later founded the French Fifth Republic in 1958 and served as its first President from 1959 to 1969
Hideki Tojo
An army militant, who became the new premier of Japan. A Japanese general in the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA), a leader of the Taisei Yokusankai, and the 40th Prime Minister of Japan during much of World War II, from 18 October 1941 to 22 July 1944.
Chaing Kai Shek
Was a political and military leader of 20th century China. Chiang ruled the island with an iron fist as the President of the Republic of China and Director-General of the Kuomintang until his death in 1975.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
On the morning of August 6 an atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, instantly killing 60,000. On August 9, the United States dropped a second on Nagasaki.
Los Alamos
In the New Mexico desert on July 16, 1945, they successfully tested the first atomic bomb, creating a fireball brighterthan several suns and a telltale mushroom cloud that rose some 40,000 feet above an enormous crater in the desert floor.
Joseph Stalin
A Soviet politician and head of state who served as the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953. Stalin assumed the leading role of the state after Vladimir Lenin's death in 1924, and gradually marginalized his competitors until he had become the unchallenged leader.
Tripartite Pact
A defensive treaty that confronted the United States with a possible two-ocean war.
Axis Powers
During World War II, the alliance between Italy, Germany, and Japan was know as the "Rome-Berlin-Tokyo axis", and the three members were called the Axis Powers. They fought against the Allied Powers, led by the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union.
Pearl Harbor
On December 7, 1941, Japanese warplanes caught surprise of Americans in the morning and sunk eight battleships and killing more than 2400 American sailors. The event marked America's entrance into World War II.
Winston Churchill
A British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War (WWII). He is widely regarded as one of the great wartime leaders. He served as prime minister twice (1940–45 and 1951–55). A noted statesman and orator, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, writer, and an artist. To date, he is the only British prime minister to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature, and the first person to be recognized as an honorary citizen of the United States.
Battle of Stalingrad
A major battle of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in southwestern Russia between 17 July 1942 and 2 February 1943. The battle involved more participants than any other on the Eastern Front, and was marked by its brutality and disregard for military and civilian casualties. It was amongst the bloodiest in the history of warfare, with the upper estimates of combined casualties coming to nearly two million. The outcome was disastrous for Germany, making its victory in the East impossible. The battle marked the turning of the tide of war in favor of the Allies.
North African Campaign
The campaign was fought between the Allies and Axis powers. The Allied war effort was dominated by the British Commonwealth and exiles from German–occupied Europe. The United States entered the war in 1941 and began direct military assistance in North Africa, on 11 May 1942.
Charles Nimitz
Ten days after the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 he was selected Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet, with the rank of Admiral, effective from 31 December. Assuming command at the most critical period of the war in the Pacific, Admiral Nimitz, despite the losses from the attack on Pearl Harbor and the shortage of ships, planes and supplies, successfully organized his forces to halt the Japanese advance.
Office of Price Administration (OPA)
The functions of the OPA were originally to control prices (price controls) and rents after the outbreak of World War II.
Executive Order 9066
A United States presidential executive order signed and issued during World War II by U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on February 19, 1942 authorizing the Secretary of War to prescribe certain areas as military zones. Eventually, EO 9066 cleared the way for the relocation of Japanese Americans to internment camps.
Nisei
A Japanese language term used in countries in North America, South America and Australia to specify the children born to Japanese people in the new country.
Atlantic Charter
A statement agreed between Britain and the United States of America. It was intended as the blueprint for the postwar world after World War II, and turned out to be the foundation for many of the international agreements that currently shape the world. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the post-war independence of British and French possessions, and much more are derived from the Atlantic Charter.
Big Three Conference
Dec 1943 - On the President's return from the Big Three Conference in Teheran in December 1943, he reported to Congress that he had got along 'fine' with Stalin, and added: 'We are going to get along with him and the Russian people—very well indeed'. Chester Wilmot, in ...On the President's return from the Big Three Conference in Teheran in December 1943, he reported to Congress that he had got along 'fine' with Stalin, and added: 'We are going to get along with him and the Russian people—very well indeed'. Chester Wilmot, in The Struggle for Europe, saw the President's belief that he had won Stalin's friendship as exercising 'a most important influence on the policy which Roosevelt pursued between Teheran.
Battle of the Bulge
was a major German offensive, launched toward the end of World War II through the densely forested Ardennes Mountains region of Wallonia in Belgium, hence its French name, and France and Luxembourg on the Western Front
Manchuria
A historical name given to a vast geographic region in northeast Asia. Depending on the definition of its extent, Manchuria either falls entirely within People's Republic of China, or is divided between China and Russia.
USS Missouri
A United States Navy Iowa-class battleship, and was the fourth ship of the U.S. Navy to be named in honor of the U.S. state of Missouri. Missouri was the last battleship built by the United States, and was the site of the surrender of the Empire of Japan which ended World War II.