Chapter 25: Viruses

Front 1

A _____ is a biological particle composed of genetic material and protein.

Back 1

virus

Front 2

A virus contains either ___ or ___.

Back 2

DNA or RNA

Front 3

The RNA or DNA is encased in a protein coat called a ______.

Back 3

capsid

Front 4

Some have viral _________ with glycoproteins used to ______________________.

Back 4

envelopes, attach to a host cell

Front 5

Viruses are constructed from many of the same components of cells, but they are not considered ______.

Back 5

living

Front 6

Viruses do not have a ________, _______, _______, or ____ _________.

Back 6

nucleus, cytoplasm, organelles, cell membrane

Front 7

Viruses can only reproduce by _________ _ ______ _____.

Back 7

invading a host cell

Front 8

Viruses invade the host cell and use __________ and ___________ to make more viruses.

Back 8

enzymes and organelles

Front 9

Because viruses require a host cell to reproduce, they are called _________ ________ _________.

Back 9

obligate intracellular parasites

Front 10

Why are viruses hard to culture?

Back 10

they need a host cell to reproduce, they can't grow on their own

Front 11

How do virus particles travel?

Back 11

water, food, wind, blood, bodily fluids, or secretions

Front 12

___________ is a common viral shape.

Back 12

icosahedral

Front 13

Some viruses are _______ or _____ shaped.

Back 13

helical, rod

Front 14

Viruses are not ______ so they are not classified into the _________ __________ system.

Back 14

living, binomial nomenclature

Front 15

Viruses are classified by their _______ ____.

Back 15

nucleic acid

Front 16

Why can't viruses be cured by antibiotics?

Back 16

Antibiotics rupture cell walls and kill bacteria cells. Viruses don't have a cell wall to be disrupted

Front 17

What are vaccines?

Back 17

shots made from weak part of virus. Makes body recognize virus and be able to cure it

Front 18

The _______ vaccine was the first successful vaccine to be developed.

Back 18

smallpox

Front 19

The smallpox vaccine was developed by _____________ in 1796.

Back 19

Edward Jenner

Front 20

No reported cases of ______ since 1977.

Back 20

smallpox

Front 21

____________ are viruses that infect bacteria.

Back 21

Bacteriophage

Front 22

A virus that causes a disease is called ________.

Back 22

virulent

Front 23

If a virus does not cause an immediate disease, it is said to be _________.

Back 23

temperate

Front 24

The _______ cycle is the reproductive process in viruses.

Back 24

lytic

Front 25

The term lyse means to "______ -_____"

Back 25

break-down

Front 26

The lytic cycle take __ to __ days to complete.

Back 26

1 to 2

Front 27

The virus breaks open the ____ ____ to release its new viral products.

Back 27

host cell

Front 28

The lytic cycle has ___ phases, all of which are continuous with the other.

Back 28

5

Front 29

The lytic cycle is caused by a ________ virus and immediatley ________ the host cell.

Back 29

virulent, destroys

Front 30

Some ________ viruses can infect the host cell without causing immediate destruction.

Back 30

temperate

Front 31

__________ _______ enter the host cell just like the bacterial phage.

Back 31

Temperate phages

Front 32

Instead of immediately creating a new virus, the DNA of the temperate phage _______ ______ to the host ___.

Back 32

attaches itself, DNA

Front 33

The phage DNA becomes an _____________________ in the host cell.

Back 33

extra set of genes

Front 34

When host cell's DNA replicates or divides, the prophage is ________.

Back 34

inactive

Front 35

A __________ acts differently than other RNA viruses.

Back 35

retrovirus

Front 36

A retrovirus contains an enzyme called ________ __________.

Back 36

reverse transcriptive

Front 37

Reverse transcriptive makes ___ from ___

Back 37

DNA, RNA

Front 38

What are the first three types of herpes?

Back 38

1 - Cold Sores
2 - Genital
3 - Chicken Pox

Front 39

How many types of herpes are there?

Back 39

8

Front 40

What is the major symptom of herpes?

Back 40

watery blisters in the skin or mucous membranes of the mouth, lips, or genitals

Front 41

Chickenpox is highly __________and spread by __________

Back 41

contagious, direct contact, coughing, sneezing

Front 42

Measles is a ___________ virus.

Back 42

respiratory

Front 43

Measles are ________, ____________, ___ viruses.

Back 43

enveloped, single stranded, DNA

Front 44

Measles are spread through ________.

Back 44

respiration

Front 45

Mumps are spread by __________ virus from saliva or close contact.

Back 45

respiratory

Front 46

Symptoms os Mumps:

Back 46

fever, body aches, headaches, swelling of salivary glands,

Front 47

Incubation period of mumps is __ days

Back 47

21

Front 48

Cold is a respiratory tract infection caused by ___________________

Back 48

rhinoviruses

Front 49

influenza is caused by ___ viruses

Back 49

RNA

Front 50

Swine Flue is common throughout ______ population

Back 50

pig

Front 51

Meat of a pig infected with swine flue poses no risk of infection if ________ __________

Back 51

cooked properly

Front 52

West nile Virus is carried by _________ and mainly infects _______

Back 52

mosquitos, birds

Front 53

SARS is a serious form of __________

Back 53

pnemonia

Front 54

SARS is ______ transmittable. Had an outbreak in ______

Back 54

highly, China

Front 55

There are more than ___ kinds of HPV

Back 55

30

Front 56

HPV is transmitted ___________

Back 56

sexually

Front 57

HPV takes several ________ to ______ before lesions develop.

Back 57

months years

Front 58

Most common wart caused by viral ______ ___ and ___

Back 58

HPV 2 and 7

Front 59

There are as many as __ different kinds of warts.

Back 59

10

Front 60

Rabies is transmitted from_____________________

Back 60

bite of affected animals.

Front 61

Rabies is a virus affecting the ______________________

Back 61

central nervous system

Front 62

Symptoms of Rabies:

Back 62

fever, throat spasms, paralysis, coma