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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Speciation |
The process by which one species splits into two or more species |
Species splitting |
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Microevolution |
Changes over time in allele frequencies in a population |
Small change, allele |
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Macroevolution |
The broad pattern of evolution above the species level |
Pattern, evolution |
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Species |
Group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed |
Population can breed |
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Reproductive isolation |
The existence of biological factors that impede members of two species from interbreeding and producing offspring |
Prevents breeding |
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Hybrids |
Offspring that result from an interspecific mating |
Interspecific mating |
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Prezygotic barriers |
Block fertilization from occurring |
Before the zygote |
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Postzygotic barriers |
Contribute reproductive isolation after the hybrid zygote is formed |
After the zygote |
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Morphological species concept |
Characterizes a species by body shape and other structural features |
Morpho= shape |
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Ecological species concept |
Views a species in terms of the sum of how many members of the species interact with the non living and living parts of their environment |
Ecological niche |
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Phylogenetic species concept |
Defines a species as the smallest group of individuals that share a common ancestor, forming one branch on the tree of life |
Smallest individuals |
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Allopatric speciation |
Gene flow is interrupted when a population is divided into geographically isolated subpopulations |
"Other country" |
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Sympatric speciation |
Speciation occurs in populations that live in the same geographical area |
"Same Country" |
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Polyploidy |
A species may originate from an accident during cell division that results in extra sets of chromosomes |
Accident, extra chromosomes |
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Autopolyploid |
Individual that has more than two chromosome sets that are all derived from a single species |
<2 chromosome sets |
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Allopolyploid |
Change a sterile hybrid into a fertile polyploid |
Sterile ---> fertile |
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Hybrid zone |
Region in which members of different species meet and mate, producing at least some offspring of mixed ancestry |
Different species mate |
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Punctuated equilibria |
Used to describe the periods of apparent stasis punctuated by sudden change. |
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