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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organs divide into what 2 groups?
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Alimentary Canal
& Accessory digestive Organs |
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6 steps to digestion process
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Ingestion
Propulsion Mechanical digestion chemical digestion Absorption Defection |
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Where does Ingestion occur?
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mouth
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What is Propulsion in Digestive Process?
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movement of food
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What happens during Mechanical digestion is digestion process?
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prepares food for chemical digestion
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What happens during chemical digestion in the digestive process?
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complex molecules broken down to chemical components
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What occurs during absorption of the digestive process?
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transport of digested nutrients
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What occurs during Defection?
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eliminates indigestible substances as feces
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Function of Peristalsis?
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involved with propulsion
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What is rythmic contractions of the intestine & its purpose?
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Segmentation
& to mix food with digestive juices |
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What are the four layers of Alimentary Canal Wall?
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The mucosa
The submucosa The muscularis externa The serosa |
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What is the innermost layer of the Alimentary Canal WAll?
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The mucosa
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What does the submucosa contain?
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blood and lymphatic vessels, nerve fibers
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Two layers of te muscularis externa?
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Circular muscularis (inner layer)
Longitudinal muscularis (outer layer) |
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What is the outer most layer of the Alimentary Canal WAll?
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The serosa
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Where is smooth muscle found in the digestive system?
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primarily found in walls of viscera
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Smooth Muscle is grouped into two sheets?
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Longitudinal layer
& Circular Layer |
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Smooth Muscle Contractions opperate how?
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by interaction with cytoskeleton
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Dense bodies of Smooth Mucle Contract how?
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correspond to Z-discs of skeletal muscle
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What is innercation of Smooth Muscle?
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Innercated by ANS
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Smooth muscle contracts as a unit excpet for where? (2 spots)
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iris of eye
& arrector pili muscles in skin |
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What nerve plexus lies between circular and longitudinal muscularis?
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Myenteric nerve plexus
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What does Myeneric nerve plexus control?
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peristalsis and segmentation
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What nerve plexus lies in submucosa?
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Submucolsal nerve plexus
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What is the function of the submucosal nerv plexus?
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signal glands to secrete
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What kind of membrane is the peritoneum?
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serous
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two kinds of peritoneum?
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visceral and parietal
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what is the peritoneal cavity?
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a slit like potential space
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What is a double layer of peritoneum?
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mesentery
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Function of Mesentery?
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hold organs in place
site of fat storage provides route for crculatory cessels and nerves. |
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What is found behind the peritoneum?
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retroperitoneal organs
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What digestive organs keep their mesentery?
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peritoneal organs
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mesentaries attatch to what?
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posterior abdominal wall
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The lips and cheeks are formed from waht?
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the orbicularis oris and buccinator muscles
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The labial frenulum connects to what to what?
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lips to gum
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The palate forms what?
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the roof of the mouth
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What muscles are found within and external of the tongue?
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intrinsic muscles
extinsic muscles |
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What secure tongue to floor of mouth?
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lingual frenulum
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3 toungue papillae?
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filiform papillae
fungiform papillae circumvallate papillae |
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What papillae has no taste buds?
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Filiform papillae
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What marks the border between mouth and pharynx?
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sulcus Terminalis
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1/3 of tongue is found where?
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oropharynx
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3 glands that makes up the salvary glands?
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paratoid glands
submandibular glans sublingual glands |
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where is parotid gland/duct found?
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parallil to zygomatic arch
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where is submandibular gland?
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medial surface to mandible
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where is sublingual gland found?
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floor of oral cavity
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two types of pharynx?
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oropharunx and laryngopharynx
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What is a contunuation of the pharyn?
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the esophagus
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Where does the esophagus join the stomach?
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inferior to the diaphragm
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Def. Cardiac sphincter
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closes lumen to prevent stomach acid from entering esophagus
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gland of the esphagus?
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tubulgalveolar glands
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Muscle structure of esphagus?
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skeletal muscle
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What is the most external layer of the esophagus?
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adventitia
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In stomach what begins protein digestion?
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secretion of pepsin
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3 muscle layers of stomach?
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circuar, longitudinal, and oblique
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Glands of stomach?
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gastric gland
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Three cells of the stomach?
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mucous neck cell
perietal cells cheif cells |
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three cells of intestine walls?
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absorptive cells
goblet cells enterpendocrine cells |
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What recieves digestive enzymes and bile?
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duodenum
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three subdivisions of small intestine?
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duodenum
jejunum ileum |
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function of large intestine?
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digest residue
absorb water and electrolytes |
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Large intestine is subdivides into g things?
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cecum, vermiform appendix, colon, rectum, anal canal
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3 special feature of large intestine?
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teniae coli
haustre epiploic |
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What is the beginning of the large intestine called?
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cecum
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what contains lymphoid tissues and neutralizes pathogens?
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vermiform appendix
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colon is divided into 4 segments?
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ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon
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What descends along the inferior half of the sacrum?
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the rectum
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The last subdivision of the large intestine
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anal canal
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