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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 4 guiding principles of the YCJA?
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1) Meaningful consequences -punishment that fits the crime
2) Rehabilitation - help them with their problems. Example: drugs/alcohol or behavioural/mental issues 3) Reintergration - helping them back into the community - help them get a job, get into schools 4) Crime preventations - for every dollar spent preventing crime, we save 7-20 dollars dealing with criminals |
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Why do youth commit crime?
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-Boredom
-lack of employment -addiction -physical or social isolation -family violence -illeteracy -mental health issues -poverty and malnutrition |
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Why did they bring forward the YCJA in 2003?
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the old system was faulty in many ways. some include:
-Lack of clear principles -lack of clear difference in dealing with violent offences versus less serious offences -Canada's high youth incarceration rate -no way to intergrate the youth back into the community -lenghty delays in the court process |
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Who opposes the YCJA? Why?
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Stephen Harper & conservatives are anti YCJA.
-Stephen Harper in 2007 vowed to 'toughen up' on the YCJA, giving harsher sentences to repeat offenders and serious youth criminals. -Some people beleive that the YCJA does not hold youth accountable to their crimes becuase sentences are too lenient. |
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What has happened to crime in Canada since the YCJA?
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the incidence of youth crime in Canada has remained fairly steady. the number of youth charged with a crime or sent to jail has dramatically decreased.
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What are the extra-judicial punishments that can be given to a youth?
(non serious crime, like graffiti.etc) |
-letters of apology
-youth justice forums -community & service -return or pay for stolen property -warning/caution letter issued by the police -counselling or therapy refferals -drug or alcohol rehabilitation if all of this is done the youth has no criminal record |
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youth
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ages 12-17
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Youth Criminal Justice act
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a bill that was made into a law in 2003. Deals with young offenders in Canada and aims to be equitable
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rehabilitation
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helping young offenders with their problems
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Reintegration
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helping young offenders back into the community
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Restitution
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Making young offenders return or pay for stolen property
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Advocate
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the act of support of a group of people, person, or a cause
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John Howard Society
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- helps all people in trouble with the law
- focus on prevention of crime by working in the communities |
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Elizabeth Fry Society
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- helps girls and women in trouble with the law
- focus on reintegration and rehabilitation |
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Healing Circle
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The Healing Circle has proved to be a very useful tool within Canadian aboriginal communities to begin the process of healing and cultural reclamation.
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Incarceration
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the act of being sent to jail
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Young Offender
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ages 12-17 that have comitted a crime
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Equitable
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meets everyones needs by treating people according to their circumstances
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fair
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everyone gets treated the same way
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Criminal Record
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a list of crimes for which an accused person has been previously convicted
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Charge (as in, charged with a crime)
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Instruction given by a judge to a jury about the law, its application, and the weighing of evidence.
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Community service
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a punitive sentence that requires a convicted person to perform unpaid work for the community in lieu of imprisonment.
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youth justice forum
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Youth Justice Forum is a special sentence for first time offenders, or for small offences. The forum is a meeting for the offender, the victim, the parents, the police and possibly teachers.
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Extra-judicial
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means "out of court". These include any punishment that does NOT send the youth to court. Some extrajudicial measures include letters of apology, community service, fines, or rehabilitation (therapy).
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