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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Matter
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Anything that occupies space and has mass.
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Mass
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Amount of matter in an object.
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Weight
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Gravitational force acting on an object of a given mass.
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Kilogram
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International unit for mass.
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Element
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Simplest type of matter, having unique chemical properties.
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Atom
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Smallest particle of an element that has the chemical characteristics of that element. An element is composed of atoms of only one kind.
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Neutron
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Has no electrical charge.
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Proton
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Has one positive charge.
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Electron
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Has one negative charge.
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Nucleus
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Protons and neutrons form around the nucleus at the center of an atom, and electrons move around the nucleus.
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Electron Cloud
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The region where the electron is most likely to be found.
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Atomic Number
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Equal to the number of protons in each atom and, because the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, the atomic number is also the number of electrons.
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Mass Number
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The number of protons plus the number of neutrons in each atom.
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Isotopes
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Two or more forms of the same element that have the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons. Thus, isotopes have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
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Atomic Mass
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Average mass of its naturally occurring isotopes, taking into account the relative abundance of each isotope.
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Avogadro's Number
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6.022 x 10^23 is one mole. A mole of a substance contains Avogadro's number of entities, such as atoms, ions, or molecules.
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Molar Mass
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The mass of 1 mole of a substance expressed in grams. Molar mass is a convenient way to determine the number of atoms in a sample of an element.
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Chemical Bonding
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The outermost electrons of an atom determine its chemical behavior. When these outermost electrons are transferred, or shared, between atoms, chemical bonding occurs. Two major types of chemical bonds are ionic and covalent bonds.
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