Chapter 2 Psychology

Front 1

Biological Psychology

Back 1

a branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior

Front 2

Neuron

Back 2

a nerve cell, a basic building block of the nervous system

Front 3

Dendrites

Back 3

receives messages and conduct them toward the cell body

Front 4

Axon

Back 4

sends messages to other neurons or cells

Front 5

Action Potential

Back 5

a nerve impulse

Front 6

Glial Cells

Back 6

cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons. also play a role in learning, thinking and memory

Front 7

Synapse

Back 7

a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.

Front 8

Threshold

Back 8

level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

Front 9

All or None Response

Back 9

a neurons reaction of either firing or not firing

Front 10

Neurotransmitters

Back 10

neuron produced chemicals that cross synapse to carry messages to other neurons or cells

Front 11

Serotonin

Back 11

affect mood, hunger, sleep and arousal

Front 12

Dopamine

Back 12

influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion

Front 13

Acetylcholine

Back 13

enables muscles actions, learning and memories

Front 14

Norepinephrine

Back 14

helps control alertness and arousal

Front 15

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Back 15

a major inhibitory neurotransmitter

Front 16

Glutamate

Back 16

a major excitatory neurotransmitter: involved in memory

Front 17

Endorpins

Back 17

influences the perception of pain and plessure

Front 18

Opiate

Back 18

a chemical that depresses neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Front 19

Nervous System

Back 19

the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network. consisting central and peripheral nervous system

Front 20

Central Nervous System

Back 20

the brain and the spinal cord

Front 21

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 21

the sensory and motor neurons connecting the central nervous system to the rest of the body.

Front 22

Nerves

Back 22

a electoral cables formed of bundles of axon

Front 23

Sensory Neurons

Back 23

carries incoming information from the receptors to the central nerves system

Front 24

Motor Neurons

Back 24

carries outgoing information from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands

Front 25

Interneuron

Back 25

within your brain and spinal cord communicate with one another and process information between the sensory input and motor output

Front 26

Somatic Nervous System

Back 26

monitors sensory input and triggers motor output controlling you skeletal system

Front 27

Automatic Nerves System

Back 27

controls self-regulated actions of internal organs and glands

Front 28

Sympathetic Nervous System

Back 28

mobilizing its energy in stressful situations

Front 29

Parasympathetic

Back 29

clams the body, conserving its energy

Front 30

Reflex

Back 30

a simple, automatic response

Front 31

Endorcine

Back 31

the bodies slow chemical communication

Front 32

Adrenal Gland

Back 32

to help arouse the body in times of stress

Front 33

Pituitary Gland

Back 33

regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands

Front 34

Hormones

Back 34

a form of chemical messenger, which travels through bloodstream and influence behaviors and emotions

Front 35

Brianstream

Back 35

oldest part. begins where the spinal cord swells and enters the skulls; responsible for automatic survival functions

Front 36

Medulla

Back 36

controls heartbeat and breathing