Chapter 2 Freshwater At Earth's Surface

Front 1

runoff

Back 1

water that does not sink in, but instead runs across the Earth’s surface until it flows into a stream

Front 2

meandering stream

Back 2

streams that have channels with many curves

Front 3

point bar

Back 3

a pile of sand and gravel that is deposited on the inside of a meander

Front 4

braided stream

Back 4

streams with many bars and islands separated by river channels

Front 5

drainage basin

Back 5

specific area that is drained by a stream

Front 6

load

Back 6

Earth material that is carried by a stream, either suspended in the water, dissolved in the water, or rolling, bouncing, or sliding along the stream bed

Front 7

stream discharge

Back 7

the volume of water flowing through a stream in a given amount of time

Front 8

flood plain

Back 8

flat, level area of a stream valley covered by water during a flood

Front 9

nutrients

Back 9

compounds, such as nitrates, that are released into lake water and used by plants, algae, and some plankton for growth

Front 10

eutrophication

Back 10

natural process that ultimately turns a lake into dry land over time through an increase in sediment, nutrients, and organisms

Front 11

turnover

Back 11

the mixing of surface water with bottom water, circulating oxygen and nutrients throughout a lake

Front 12

wetlands

Back 12

areas of land that are covered with water during some part of the year and recognizable by the types of soils and plants that grow there

Front 13

nonpoint source pollution

Back 13

pollution-that enters water from a large area and cannot be traced to a single location

Front 14

point source pollution

Back 14

pollution that enters water from a specific location and can be controlled or treated before it enters a body of water