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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
A Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003 directory database and service that allows for a single point of administration for all shared resources on a network, including files, peripheral devices, databases, Web sites, users, and services.
Active Directory
Primary partition on the hard drive that boots the OS. Windows NT/2000/XP calls the active partition the System Partition.
Active Partition
In Windows NT/2000/XP, an account that grants to the administrator(s) rights and permissions to all hardware and software resources, such as the right to add, delete, and change accounts and to change hardware configurations.
Administrator Account
Specifications developed by Intel, Compaq, Phoenix, Microsoft, and Toshiba to control power on notebooks and other devices. Windows 98 and Windows 2000/XP support ACPI.
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface(ACPI)
Text file that contains information that Windows NT/2000/XP requires in order to do an unattended installation.
Answer File
In Windows NT, a computer on a network that holds a read-only copy of the SAM (security accounts manager) database.
Backup Domain Controller (BDC)
Startup menu that gives the user the choice of which OS to load such as Windows 98 of Windows XP which are both installed on the same system, creating a Dual Boot.
Boot Load Menu
Hard drive partition where the Windows NT/2000/XP OS is stored. The System Partition and the boot partition may be different partitions.
Boot Partition
Infectious program that can replace the boot program with a modified, infected version, often causing boot and data retrieval problems.
Boot Sector Virus
Computer concept whereby one computer (the client) requests information from another computer (the server).
Client/Server
Also called Drive Imaging
Disk Cloning
File server holding Windows setup files used to install Windows on computers networked to the server.
Distribution Server
In Windows NT/2000/XP, a logical group of networked computers, such as those on a college campus, that share a centralized directory database of user accounts information and security for the entire domain.
Domain
Windows NT/2000 or Windows Server 2003 computer which holds and controls a database of:
1) User accounts
2) Group accounts
and
3) Computer accounts used to manage access to the network.
Domain Controller
Making an exact copy of a hard drive, including partition information, boot sectors, OS installation, and application software to replicate the hard drive on another system or recover from a hard drive crash. Also called ¬Disk Cloning or Disk Imaging.
Drive Imaging
Ability to boot using either of two Oss, such as Windows 98 and Windows XP.
Dual Boot
In Windows NT/2000/XP, a group of components running in kernel mode that interfaces between the subsystems in user mode and the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL).
Executive Services
The only partition on a hard drive that can contain more than one logical drive.
Extended Partition
Low level part of Windows NT/2000/XP, written specifically for each CPU technology, so that only one HAL must change when platform components change.
Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)
Windows NT/2000/XP “privileged” processing mode that has access to hardware.
Kernel Mode
Database used by the NTFS file system to track contents of a logical drive.
Master File Table (MFT)
Windows 2000 mode for domain controllers used when there is at least one Windows NT domain controller on the network.
Mixed Mode
Ability to pass more than one function (thread) to the OS kernel at the same time, such as when one thread is performing a print job while another reads a file.
Multithreading
An emulated environment in which a 16-bit DOS application resides within Windows NT/2000/XP with its own memory space or Win16 on Win 32 (WOW).
NT Virtual DOS Machine (NTVDM)
A network of computers that are all equals, or peers. Each computer has the same amount of authority, and each can act as a server to the other computer.
Peer-to-Peer Network
In a Windows NT network, the computer that controls the directory database of user accounts, group accounts, and computer accounts on a domain. See also Backup Domain Controller (BDC).
Primary Domain Controller (PDC)
Hard disk partition that can contain only one logical drive.
Primary Partition
Process that Microsoft uses to prevent software piracy.
Product Activation
Portion of Windows NT/2000/XP registry that manages the account database that contains accounts, policies, and other pertinent information about local accounts.
Security Accounts Manager
Wasted space on a hard drive caused by not using all available space at the end of clusters.
Slack
Active partition of the hard drive containing the boot record and the specific files required to load Windows NT/2000/XP.
System Partition
Each process that the CPU is aware of; a single task that is part of a longer task or program.
Thread
Windows NT/2000/XP installation that is done by storing the answers to installation questions in a text file or script that Windows NT/2000/XP calls an answer file so that the answers do not have to be typed in during the installation.
Unattended Installation
Group of programs provided by Windows NT/2000/XP to create a virtual DOS environment that emulates a 16-bit Windows environment. Protecting the rest of the OS from 16-bit applications.
Win 16 on Win 32 (WOW)
In Windows, a logical group of computers and users in which administration, resources, and security are distributed throughout the network, without centralized management or security.
Workgroup