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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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john smith
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founder of Jamestown.
1607 led many expeditions. |
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Jamestown
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colony in Virginia
1607 first permanent colony in America |
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joint stock company
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a company that is a mixture of a corporation and partnership and reduces the risk of shareholders.
helped settlers get across the Atlantic. |
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indentured servants
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people from Europe whom where brought over to America as a source of labor.
led to many free landless men. |
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puritans
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a group of people who where discontent with the church in england. they settled in the colonies in America.
1500-1600 they established Massachusetts. |
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john winthrop
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leader of puritans.
1630 established the center government of Boston. |
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king philips war
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Indians vs. settlers
1662 most disastrous wars in history, threatened new england. |
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the headright system
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system that provided land for new settlers in order to solve the labor shortage.
1618 it helped with Virginians success and it gave people to work hard for their own benefit. |
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the calverts
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established Maryland
1634 tried to establish a really catholic colony, but failed. |
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bacons rebellion
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settlers uprising against the colonial government of Virginia.
1675-1676 showed the unstableness of a large group of landless men. |
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william penn
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founder of Pennsylvania
1682 he was a quaker and his colony set a important example of liberty. |
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quakers
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members of the religious society of friends that emerged in the late 1600 in england
they where the founders of Pennsylvania. |
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merchantilism
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system of political economy that sought to enrich the country by restraining imports and encouraging exports.
its was a dominated western European economic thought from the 1600-1700. |
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navigation acts
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passed by the English parliment they where originally aimed at excluding the dutch from the profits made by the English trade. based on the merchantalist theory.
1650-1696. |
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roger william
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he was the founder of rhode island.
1650s colony was established as a result of Massachusetts strict laws. |
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anne hutchinson
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opposed the Massachusetts clergy
1591-1643 questioned the roles of a puritan female. |
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john coodes rebellion
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a protestant uprising against the catholic leaders.
1689 they took over the catholic side of the power. |
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Incas
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civilization of south America that lived in the Andes mountains. they are still a mystery to the historians because of how they built their cit of stones without the help of a wheel. they worshiped stones and they didn't have their own writing but they did have the quippo system which was used as a means of communication.
twelfth century and in the early sixteenth century they where conquered by the Portuguese because of their gold.(Francisco Pizarro) |
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Mayas
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mesoamerican civilization
pre classic period(2000 bce to 250 ad) known for their calender, written language, art architecture and astronomy. |
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Aztecs
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latin american empire who wasnt liked by other tribes. they settled around lake Texcoco. they built many temples and they sacrifieced many civilians for their gods.
1100 to 1500s they where conquered by the Spanish by Hernan cortez. they where significant to the Spanish because of their rare crops and their gold. |
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chaco canyon
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located in new Mexico, major cultural center for the ancient pueblo peoples.
AD 900 and 1150, important because it was a cultural center. |
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woodland Indians
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the were a group of Indians who where nomadic.
1000 BC until 1000 AD culturally and technically advanced tribes who began permanently inhabiting villages. noted for the cultivation of crops in Georgia, created intricate designs with their pottery. |
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mobile societies
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nomadic native americans in tribes wo didnt settle. they stayd in one place and didnt settle like the latin american natives( aztecs, incas and so on)
15000 BC trough the 18th century had their own language, religion and customs. |
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agriculture
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production of food through farming.
800 bce people depend on the production of food through agriculture. |
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leif erikson
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who: explorer who is the first European to land on north America
when: 1825 why: Norse explorer who brought the first Europeans who are known to have set foot in north America. there is a day named after him and is celebrated on the 9th of october. |
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prince Henry the navigator
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who:sponsored navigation's, never really sailed. he was the Governor of the order of Christ.
when:1394-1460 why:voyages of discovery that he organized and financed, which eventually led to the rounding of Africa and the establishment of sea routes to the Indies. |
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Christopher Columbus
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first explorer who sailed to the Americas. thought he was going to Asia, miscalculated the distance.traveled to the Americas 3 times.
1492 he sailed in 1492, reached the Americas and settled there for a while. he eventually had problems in his mini colony and died soon after. |
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ferdindad magellan
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who spanish explorer, he died in one of his explorations( natives killed him with a poisoned arrow. his body was left behind and the rest of his ships left and continued the voyage.
when: 1480- 1521 why: he was the first explorer to lead an expedition around the world. |
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the conquistadors
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Spanish and Portuguese explorers
16th century they conquered land in the Americas, established their colonies for their country and where rewarded for their hard work. they conquered for their country and riches and fame. |
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cortez
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Spanish explorer known for his voyages to Latin America
1485-1547 sailed to Mexico( in Veracruz) and and Cuba. he conquered the Aztecs. |
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Francisco Pizarro
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born in Spain, portugues explorer and conqueror, he was made emperor of Peru and named the land that he found.
first voyage was in 1527. first to sail to south America. he is known as the conqueror of the Incas. |
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ordinance of discovery
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who law issued by King Philip II.
The importance of this law was to keep track of all political and economic life in newly discovered places. |
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Catholic Missionaries(natives)
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missionaries whom forced the natives to change religion
17th century and ahead they made the natives go to school and learn to read and basically become part of the society but they where still racist to the natives(same happen in Latin America) |
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St. Augustine 1565
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city in the northeast section in florida, founded by the spanish explorer pedro mendez de aviles
1565 oldest occupied port in the U.S. settled by the spanish. |
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ecomiendas
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labor system that was made by the Spanish crown during their era f colonization.
it granted a person a specific # of natives and they where to instruct them in the Spanish language and their catholic faith, they would use native tributes as a source of labor. |
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pueblo revolt
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organized exploration by the spanish crown in new mexico
1540 mexico started colonizing in the norht american territory. |
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mestizo
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perosn of mixed blood, they are a breed of native and spanish europeans
during the colonization and so on( 16th century) began with columbus and later with hernan cortez. mexicans are known as mestizos. |
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john cabot
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italian navigator and explorer also discovered norht america ,
1497 first voyage was to america, landed on newfoundland. |
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richard Hakluyt
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geogropher, clergyman, translator, and editor of many adventure books, had many books on adventure and discovery
1552-1616 advocate for the westward expansion of english power |
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doctrine of predestination
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doctrine of calvinism
the time of calvinism delt with the questions of the control of god over the world also applies to being saved/salvation |
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the english reformation
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started during the reign of henry the 8th. he wanted to get rid of his wifebecause she couldnt have kids.
1527 the roman catholic church intervined, big controversy |
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john calvin
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son of a lawyer, went to church and school, had an epithany of sorts
1509-1564 started calvinism, church government |
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elizabeth the first
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put england back to shape because at that time england was very weak and devided riligious wise.
1558-1603 won the spanish armada, during her time there where many persecutions of the protestants and catholics (rivalry) |
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coureurs de bois
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most active fur teade in french colonies,(natives did this aswell)
1600s center of the economic system in the french colonies in the americas |
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new amsterdam
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dutch colonial settlement that was the capital of new netherland.
17th century later became new york city. inhabbited by the dutch |
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west india company
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created by the dutch, also known as the dutch west india company.(related to the one in india)
1621 let outsiders work for them, brought slaves and goods to the caribbean and relied to their mother land for protection. the danish copied the dutch and created their own company like them |
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sir walter raleigh
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british explorer, wrote stories aswell
1552 he was knighted, was queen elizabeths favorite(possibly play toy), colonized virginia(first english colony) |
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roanoke
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tribe in north carolina, also a former english colony,
they have been there since 8000 bc. the roanoke peoples have been in amrica for a long time |
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james the first
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was king of scots and the king of england
1603 to 1625 ruled england and scotland after the age of elizabeth the 1st. literature and drama continued to flourish(time of william shakespear) |
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lord de lawar
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English man which Delaware was named after.
17th century delaware was named in his honor |
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tobacco
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plant agriculturally grown by slaves at one point.used as a drug
1600s till today grown by slaves, was in high demand during the colonial period, popular cash crop |
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virginia company
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joint stock companies, started by james the first
1600s wanted to establish more colonies in north america |
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powhatans
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indian tribe in virginia, had a lot of territory
1600s john smith visited this specific tribe, the powhatans where visited by many of the first explorers |
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maryland and the calverts
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calverts settled in maryland, thus naming a county after them
year maryland was founded was in 1634 founded by cecil calvert, wanted to create a big rfuge for catholics who where being prosecuted in protestant england |
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propriety rule
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was unpopular with south carolina because it propertied immegrants to the colony, government was monopolized.
1719 north carolina remained under proprietary rule. |
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toleration act
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known as the Act Concerning Religion, was a law mandating religious tolerance for trinitarian Christians.
1649 law requiring religious tolerance in the British North American colonies and created the first legal limitations on hate speech in the world. |
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plymouth plantation
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was an English colonial venture in North America
1620 to 1691. The first settlement was at New Plymouth, a location previously surveyed and named by Captain John Smith, served as the capital of the colony, is today the modern town of Plymouth, Massachusetts |
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mayflower compact
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was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony.
1620 It was written by the colonists, later together known to history as the Pilgrims |
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william bradford
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he was the plymouth governer
1590-1657 credited as the first to proclaim what every american views an thanksgiving. |
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colonial currency
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money used by the colonial people.
1700s trade was used as a means of currency, later money was introduced, like coins from the spanish. soon the british parlaiment passed the currency acts in 1751 that regulated the colonial paper money. |
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black codes
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codes that all blacks should obey
it includes: property for life. they would have to go to church, obey their master, no education, and even if the where christian, they wouldnt have equal rights. |
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theocratic society
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where god rules or governs
society where priests rule like in the roman catholic church and so on. since medieval times many catholics wanted a society like this as well in the colonies. |
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charter of liberties
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written by henry the first
1100 sought to binf the king to certain laws regarding the treatment of the church officials and nobles. similar to the magna carta. |
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pequot war
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war between puritans and the pequots
1636 coneticut men attack small villages and kill many natives.reason for creating the new england confederation. |
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the narragansetts
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algonquian native tribe in rhode island
17th century werent really affected by the dieseases, took in other tribes that where massacred in wars against the settlers. had many disputes with the colonists. |
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english civil war
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the colonists where affected by the english civil war.
1600s all colonists where separating and creating their own government. |
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middle colonies
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part of northern america. known as the bread colonies. part of new netherland colonies until the british took over
the middle colonies consisit of delaware, new jersey, new york, and pennsylvania. |
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holy experiment
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attempted by the quakers
possibly 17th or 18th century wanted to establish a community for themsefs in pennsylvania. wanted to show how well they could fnuction on their own with out any guidance. (william penn) |
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california
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fiirst settled by the spanish as one of their colonies.
they soon lost it to the english or americans as they where expanding. 1760s gold was found in the colonie and started the gold rush. |
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james oglethrope
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was a british general and the founder of the colony of georgia.
1696-1785 founder of georgia due to rivalry with spain |
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sir edmund andros
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was in charge of the new england colonies
1600s people hated hin because he forbid town meetings, all land titles where revoked, set resrtictions on the court, taxed without consent, enforced navigation laws ans supressed smuggling. |
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glorious revolution
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overthrow of king james the 2nd
1688 controversy with the religion between the siblings and who was going to take the throne. the throne was passed to the sister mary whom was a protestant. |
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cambrige agreement
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agreement made between the share holders of the massachusetts bay company
1629 led to the foundation of boston massachussetts. |
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church of england(angelican)
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official established church in england(both catholic and reformed)
around the 18th century? oldest angelican church in england and anywhere else. |
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covenenat theology
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constasted with dispensational theology( is the currently most popular scriptual interpretive method)
19th century majority of protestant, favored by the calvins. |
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halfway covenant
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form of partial church membership that was created in new england.
1662 promoted by reverend solomon stoddard, who felt that the pople of the english colonies where drifting away from their original religions of those from the begining. |
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thomas hooker
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prominent Puritan religious and colonial leader, known as an outstanding speaker ,leader of universal Christian suffrage, had a role in creating one of the world's first written constitutions.
1586-1647 he founded the Colony of Connecticut after arriving with Puritan leaders in Massachusetts. |
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saybrook platform
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a company of sorts
conservative religious proposal in saybrook, coneticut 1708 attempted to stem the tide of disunity among the established congretional churches and restore discipline among both the clergy and their congretions. |
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cavaliers
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name used by Parliamentarians for a Royalist supporter of King Charles I during the English Civil War.
1642-1647 supporters of the king at the time |
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john locke
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wrote many books and thesis and essays. was a scholar.
1632-1704 life liberty and the pursuit of happiness |
