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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Generalization |
- the occurrence of the behaviour in the presence of stimuli that are similar to the SD that was present during training |
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GEN |
- when the "Trained" response occurs in the presence of naturally occurring stimuli across.. - different people - different settings - different instructions -different materials |
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Why program for Generalization |
- Fade the intervention - Fade the trainers/ coaches - Behaviour occurs under natural stimuli and natural consequences - increases opportunities for learning (meeting stimuli and reinforcers ) outside of requiring an intervention for each behaviour |
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Strategies for Generalization 1. Reinforcing instances of Generalization |
- reinforce the behaviour when generalization occurs- to reinforce the behaviour when it occurs outside the training situation in the presence of relevant stimuli |
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2. Training skills that contact natural contingencies of reinforcement |
- if you cannot provide reinforcement for the behaviour in relevant situations outside training situation it is important for natural reinforcers to be present
- skills can be naturally reinforced outside the training situation - |
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3. modifying contingencies of reinforcement and punishment in the natural environment |
if the trainer cannot reinforce the behaviour in the natural environment, the trainer should teach others in the natural environment to reinforce the behaviour - |
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4. incorporating a wide range of relevant stimuli situations in training |
- if the learner is trained to respond correctly to a range of relevant stimulus situations, the behaviour is more likely to generalize to all relevant stimulus situations - stimulus exemplars: learner to respond to stimulus exemplars until the behaviour generalizes |
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5. incorporating common stimuli |
incorporate stimuli from the generalization environment (target situation) into the training situation
- if the training and generalization situations have some features or stimuli in common, generalization is more likely to occur |
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6. teaching a range of functionally equivalent responses |
-functionally equivalent responses: each response serves the same function as the person, but they are socially acceptable and functionally equivalent
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7. incorporating self generated mediators of generalization |
- mediator of generalization- stimulus that is maintained and transported by the client as part of treatment -mediator has stimulus control over the target behaviour so the behaviour generalizes beyond the training situation when the mediator is present - self recording, self instruction |
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8. Providing cues in the natural environment |
- provide cues or reminders in the natural environment that can make the target behaviour more likely too occur in the correct circumstances |
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Generalization can also work against you |
-when dealing with challenging and inappropriate behaviours, often the environment is unintentionally promoting generalization |
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ETHICAL QUESTION: what are you able to do now after this class? |
- unless your under supervision, you are qualified only for additional training in ABA - basically we can do nothing but change our own behaviours |
