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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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arteries
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carry oxygenated blood away from the left side of the heart to the body tissues
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veins
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carry deoxygenated blood back to the right side of the heart
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capillaries
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where oxygen, nutrients, minerals, and hormones move from the blood to the body cells, and carbon dioxide and waste products move from the body cells into the blood.
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endocardium
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inner endothelial lining of heart chambers and valves
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myocardium
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thickest part of the heart and consists of cardiac muscle
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epicardium
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consists of visceral layer and parietal later
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visceral epicardium
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attaches to the myocardium and is the outer layer of the heart
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parietal epicardium
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forms the inner layer of a double walled sac called the pericardiums that surronds the heart
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depolarization
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contraction of cardiac muscle
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repolarization
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recovery phase of cardiac muscle
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stroke volume
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the volume of blood pumped by the ventricl with each contraction
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cardiac output
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the volume of blood pumped by the left ventricle perminute, average of 5 liters
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s1 heart sound (lubb)
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sound of the mitral and tricuspid valves closing simulataneously
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s2 "dubb" heart sound
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simultaneous closing of the pulmonic and aortic valves, heart on right second intercostal space
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vasoconstrict
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decrease in diameter
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vasodilate
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increase in diameter
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dyspnea
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difficulty breathing
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orthopnea
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when a client has difficulty breating while lying down and must sit upright or stand to relieve the dyspnea
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paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
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when a person suddenly awaken, is sweating, and is having difficulty breathing, usually occurs 3 to 5 hours after the person has fallen asleep
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palpitations
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"fluttering" or "pounding" sensation in the chest
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ascites
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excess fluid in the abdomen
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paresthesia
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decreased sensation in an area symptoms-numbness and tingling
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stasis dermatitis
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an inflammation of the skin due to decreased circulation
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Homans sign
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the nurse dorsiflexes the client's foot. If there is pain in the calf of the leg or behind the knee, the homans' sign is positive and may indicate the presence of a venous clot or deep vein thrombosis
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