Chapter 18 Vocabulary: Gene Expression

Front 1

POLYCISTRONIC

Back 1

CODES FOR MULTIPLE PROTEINS (EACH HAVE THEIR OWN START & STOP CODON WITHIN THE mRNA)

Front 2

OPERON

Back 2

STRETCH OF DNA INCLUDING THE OPERATOR, THE PROMOTER, AND THE GENES THAT THEY CONTROL

Front 3

OPERATOR

Back 3

A CLUSTER OF FUNCTIONALLY RELATED GENES UNDER COORDINATE CONTROL BY A SINGLE ON-OFF SWITCH, A SEGMENT OF DNA WITHIN THE PROMOTER

Front 4

REPRESSIBLE

Back 4

MOSTLY ON, TURNED OFF WHEN NOT NEEDED

Front 5

INDUCIBLE

Back 5

MOSTLY TURNED ON WHEN NEEDED

Front 6

REPRESSOR

Back 6

PROTEIN THAT SWITCHES OFF THE OPERON

Front 7

REGULATORY GENE

Back 7

CODES FOR A PROTEUN SUCH AS A REPRESSOR THAT CONTROLS THE TRANSCRIPTION OF ANOTHER GENE OR GROUP OF GENES

Front 8

TRPR

Back 8

PROTEIN THAT, ONLY WHEN BOUND TO TRP, BINDS TO THE TRP OPERATOR AND TURNS TRP OPERON OFF (BY BLOCKING RNA POL)

Front 9

COREPRESSOR

Back 9

SMALL MOLECULE THAT COOPERATES WITH A REPRESSOR PROTEIN TO SWITCH AN OPERON OFF

Front 10

INDUCER

Back 10

A SPECIFIC SMALL MOLECULE THAT BINDS TO A BACTERIAL REPRESSOR PROTEIN AND CHANGES THE REPRESSOR'S SHAPE SO THAT IT CANNOT BIND TO A OPERATOR, THUS SWITCHING THE OPERON ON

Front 11

TRP OPERON

Back 11

REPRESSIBLE OPERON THAT TRANSCRIPTION IS USUALLY ON BUT CAN BE INHIBITED WHEN A SPECIFIC SMALL MOLECULE BINDS ALLOSTERICALLY TO A REGULATORY PROTEIN

Front 12

LAC OPERON

Back 12

INDUCIBLE OPERON THAT IS USUALLY OFF BUT CAN BE STIMULATED WHEN A SPECIFIC SMALL MOLECULE INTERACTS WITH A REGULATORY PROTEIN

Front 13

INDUCIBLE ENZYMES

Back 13

USUALLY FUNCTIONING IN CATABOLIC PATHWAYS; THEIR SYNTHESIS IS INDUCED BY A CHEMICAL SIGNAL

Front 14

REPRESSIBLE ENZYMES

Back 14

USUALLY FUNCTION IN ANABOLIC PATHWAYS; THEIR SYNTHESIS IS REPRESSED BY HIGH LEVELS OF THE END PRODUCT