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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A group of like organisms that are capable of reproducing viable offspring in nature
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species
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based on similarities/differences in structure; easy to observe
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morphological species
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can interbreed
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biological species
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all the members of the same species that live in a particular location at the same time and have to potential to interbreed
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population
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members of a _______ population, event though of the same species, are somewhat different genetically
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population
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a difference in genotype usually results in a difference in _______
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phenotype
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often, variation in traits are due also to ______ as well
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environmental factors
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alternate version of the same gene
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allele
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variations in genotype arise through:
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mutation
recombination crossing–over |
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the collection of genes for all the traits in a population (contains all the alleles for all the genes)
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gene pool
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percentage of a specific allele of a gene in the gene pool
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allele frequency
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a population in which allele frequencies do not change from one generation to the next is said to be in
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genetic equilibrium
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to maintain genetic equilibrium, several conditions must be met:
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-no mutations
-no migrations -large populations -random mating -no selection of alleles (no natural selection) |
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when gene frequencies change over time (Hardy-Weinberg does NOT hold true) then ______ happens
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evolution
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factors that cause change in gene pools:
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mutation
migration genetic drift natural selection |
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allele frequencies in a population change as a result of random events or chance
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genetic drift
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some alleles are more favorable to have than others
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natural selection
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selection that favors the most common variation
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stabilizing selection
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shift in the bell curve one way or the other
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disruptive selection
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selection that doesnt favor the most common variation of the trait with in the population
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disruptive selection
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mate preferences based on traits, usually some physical feature
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sexual selection
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the evolution of one or more species from a single ancestor species
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speciation
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when a species has been geographically separated and over time no longer can _______
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reproduce
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developed the theory of evolution
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Darwin
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______ control heritable traits
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genes
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many genes have at least _____ alleles
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2
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