Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
most common hormone |
circulating hormone |
|
|
do not circulate in blood |
local hormone |
|
|
-Long distance chemical messengers carried by blood -Carried by the blood, target cells (have receptors) |
circulating hormone |
|
|
-Short distance -Not carried by the blood -Do not circulate |
local hormone |
|
|
targets neighboring cells (ex: interleukin 2, prostaglandins) |
paracrine |
|
|
targets the same cell that secreted it |
autocrine |
|
|
responds to hormone (pituitary gland produces LH and FSH , testes, ovaries) |
hormonal stimulus |
|
|
responds to nervous system |
neural stimulus |
|
|
imbalance in ions or nutrients in blood. (ex: low blood calcium - parathyroid gland which makes PTH parathyroid hormone) |
humoral stimulus |
|
|
What causes endocrine gland to secrete hormones? |
-humoral stimulus -neural stimulus -hormonal stimulus |
|
|
used by all lipid-soluble hormones |
direct gene activation |
|
|
-Hormone binds to receptors inside target cells -Receptor hormone complex binds to a specific gene and turns on the gene |
direct gene activation |
|
|
used by most water-soluble hormones |
second messenger activation |
|
|
-Hormone (1st messenger) binds to receptor on the cells surface of the target cell -Second messenger ex: - cyclic AMP -Second messenger activates protein kinase |
second messenger activation |
|
|
cannot cross cell membranes |
water-soluble hormones |
|
|
can cross cell membranes |
lipid-soluble hormones |
|
|
derived from an amino acid (ex: epinephrine, norepinephrine) |
amines |
|
|
chains of amino acids (ex: growth hormone, insulin) |
peptides or proteins |
|
|
derived from a fatty acid called arachidonic acid (leukotrienes - inflammation, prostaglandins - labor contractions) |
eicosanoids |
|
|
water soluble hormones: |
-amines -peptides or proteins -eicosanoids |
|
|
produced by thyroid gland |
thyroid hormone |
|
|
derived from cholesterol (main), estrogen, testosterone, cortisol. Steroids produced by ovaries, testess, adrenal cortex) |
steroids |
|
|
main steroid? |
cholesterol |
|
|
lipid-soluble hormones: |
-steroids -thyroid hormone |
