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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Daughter strand |
the strand of DNA that is newly replicated from an existing template strand of DNA |
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dNTP (deoxynucleoside triphosphate) |
A monomer used by DNA polymerase to polymerize DNA. Consists of the sugar deoxyribose, a base (A, T, G, or C) and three phosphate groups. |
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Okazaki fragment |
Short segment of DNA produced during replication of the lagging strand template. Many Okazaki fragments make up the lagging strand in newly synthesized DNA. |
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Origin of replication |
The site on a chromosome at which DNA replication begins. |
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Parental strand |
A strand of DNA that is used as a template during DNA synthesis. |
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Primer |
A short, single-stranded RNA molecule that base-pairs with a DNA template strand and is elongated by DNA polymerase during DNA replication. |
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Replication bubble |
a portion of the DNA molecule that has opened, providing a site for two replication forks. Multiple replication bubbles along the DNA molecule speed up the process of replication. |
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Replication fork |
One half of a replication bubble; a y-shaped structure on the DNA molecule along which replication takes place. |
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Telomere |
The end of a linear chromosome that contains a repeated sequence of DNA. |
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Describe semi-conservative DNA replication |
The way DNA replicates, in which each strand of an existing DNA molecule serves as a template to create a new complementary DNA strand. It is called semiconservative because each newly replicated DNA molecule conserves one of the parental strands and contains another, newly replicated strand. |
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Identify the function of the following during DNA replication: DNA helicase |
This enzyme separates double-stranded DNA into single strands allowing each strand to be copied. |
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Identify the function of the following during DNA replication: DNA ligase |
This enzyme brings together the Okazaki fragments. |
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Identify the function of the following during DNA replication: DNA polymerase |
This enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of the mRNA strand during transcription. |
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Identify the function of the following during DNA replication: Primase |
(RNA polymerase) - This enzyme synthesizes short RNA sequences called primers. These primers serve as a starting point for DNA synthesis. |
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Identify the function of the following during DNA replication: Single-stranded binding proteins (SSBP) |
They proven annealing, or the DNA from snapping back to the other strands while it is being copied. |
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Identify the function of the following during DNA replication: Topoisomerase |
This enzyme regulates the overwinding or under winding of DNA. |
