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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nervous tissue is made up of two/three main cell types |
two |
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neuroglia of the peripheral nervous system include |
satellite cells and schwann cells |
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____ are the functional units of the nervous tissues |
neurons |
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these branching neuron processes serve as receptive regions and transmit electrical signals toward the cell body |
dendrites |
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axons are the neuron processes that generate and conduct nerve impulses. true or false. |
false |
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most axons are covered with a fatty material called |
myelin |
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axons running through the central nervous system form tracts/nerves of white matter |
tracts |
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neurons can be classified to structure |
multiploar |
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neurons can be classified according to function. afferent/efferent or motor neurons carry electrical signals from the central nervous system primarily to muscles or glands |
efferent |
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within a nerve each axon is surrounded by a cover called the |
endoneurium |
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the basic functional unit of the nervous system is the neurons. what is the major function of this cell type? |
transmit message from one part of the body to another in the form of a nerve impulse. |
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4 types of neuroglia |
astrocytes-BBB microglial-macrphages, phagocytes ependymal- CSF oligodendrocytes-myelin sheath |
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the brain and spinal cord collectively |
central nervous system |
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specialized supporting cells in the nervous system |
neuroglia |
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junction or point of close contact between neurons |
synaptic cleft |
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bundle of axons inside the CNS |
tract |
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neuron serving as part of the conduction pathway between sensory and motor neurons |
interneuron |
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ganglia and spinal and cranial nerves |
peripheral nervous systems |
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collection of nerve cell bodies found outside the CNS |
ganglion |
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neuron that conducts impulses away from the CNS to muscles and glands |
efferent neuron |
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neuron that conducts impulses toward the CNS from the body periphery |
afferent neuron |
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chemicals released by neurons that stimulate or inhibit other neurons or effectors |
neurotransmitters |
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region of the cell body from which the axon originates |
axon hillock |
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secretes neurotransmitters |
cell body |
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receptive regions of a neuron |
dendrites, axon terminal |
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insulates the nerve fibers |
myelin sheath |
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site of the nucleus and most important metabolic area |
cell body |
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involved in the transport of substances within the neuron |
neurofibril |
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essentially rough endoplasmic reticulum, important metabolically |
chromatophillic substance |
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impulse generator and transmitter |
axon |
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what substances is found in synaptic vesicles of the axon terminal |
neurotransmitters |
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what anatomical characteristic determines whether a particular neuron is classified as unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar |
number of processes attached to cell body |
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what neurons are unipolar? |
efferent interneurons |
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what neurons are multipolar |
affarent |
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describe how the schwann cells form the myelin sheath encasing the nerve fibers? |
wrapped tightly around the axon in a jelly roll fashion |
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endoneurium |
connective tissue sheath around the nerve, surrounds axons |
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perineurium |
groups of axons in coarser connective tissue, form fasicles |
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epineurium |
white, fibrous connective tissue sheath around fasicles |
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what is the function of the connective tissue wrappings found in a nerve? |
insulates it from other neuron processes, protection |
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define mixed nerve |
nerves with sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) f |