Chapter 15

Front 1

Olfactory nerves pass from the olfactory epithelium to the olfactory bulb through the

Back 1

Cribiform Plate

Front 2

Sensory receptors for smell are

Back 2

Chemoreceptors

Front 3

What is the medial olfactory area responsible for

Back 3

For visceral and emotional reactions to odors and has connections to the limbic system

Front 4

How often are olfactory neurons replaced

Back 4

Every 2 months

Front 5

Which types of papillae on the tongue are taste bulbs associated with

Back 5

1) Circumvallate
2) Foliate
3) Fungiform

Front 6

What are the 5 primary tastes

Back 6

1) Sweet
2) Salty
3) Sour
4) Bitter
5) Umami

Front 7

Taste formation is relayed to the tractus solitarius of the medulla oblongata by what nerves

Back 7

Cranial Nerves 7, 9, 5

Front 8

What is the canthi

Back 8

The angles where the eyelids join at the medial and lateral margins of the eye

Front 9

List the structures in the correct order that tears would flow through after being produced in the lacrimal gland

Back 9

1) Lacrimal Ducts
2) Puncta
3) Lacrimal Canaliculi
4) Lacrimal Sac
5) Nasolacrimal Duct

Front 10

What does the fibrous tunic of the eye include

Back 10

The Cornea
and The Sclera

Front 11

What muscle is innervated by the sympathetic fibers

Back 11

Dilator Pupillae Muscles

Front 12

True or False

Physical characteristics of the cornea include highly vascular structure, functioning as part of the focusing system of the eye

Back 12

False

Front 13

What parts of the eye normally Never have melanin present

Back 13

Vitreous Humor

Front 14

What is the blind spot of the eye

Back 14

Optic Disc

Front 15

What is the Aqueous Humor

Back 15

1) It is found in the anterior compartment of the eye
2) It is produced by the ciliary processes
3) It helps maintain intraocular pressure
4) It provides nutrition for the cornea and lens

Front 16

In the electromagnetic spectrum, what form of electromagnetic energy has the longest wavelength

Back 16

Infrared

Front 17

Of the colors of the visible spectrum, which has the longest wavelength

Back 17

Red

Front 18

When does refraction occur

Back 18

When light travels from one transparent medium to another

Front 19

When does emmetropia occur in the eye when viewing objects

Back 19

When viewed 20 feet or more from the eye

Front 20

What processes occur when viewing a nearby object you are holding in your hand

Back 20

Accommodation

Front 21

The greatest amount of refraction in the eye occurs when light enters the

Back 21

Cornea

Front 22

What happens to the choroid when the ciliary muscles contract

Back 22

The choroid is pulled toward the lens

Front 23

List the layers of neurons in the correct order they are encountered when light passes from the vitreous humor through the sensory retina

Back 23

1) Ganglionic Layer
2) Bipolar Layer
3) Photoreceptor Layer

Front 24

Rod cells are ______ neurons and
Cone cells are ______ neurons

Back 24

Bipolar
Bipolar

Front 25

When light strikes a photoreceptor cell, Na+ ion channels 1) _______, so 2) _______ Na+ ions enter the cell and 3) _______ glutamate is released from the cell. As a result, the postsynaptic bipolar cell
4) ______

Back 25

1) Close
2) Fewer
3) Less
4) Depolarizes

Front 26

What happens to pupils during dark adaptation

Back 26

They dilate

Front 27

When do cone cells function

Back 27

In Color Vision and Visual Acuity

Front 28

List the parts of the retina in the order an action potential travels through them after light strikes the retina

Back 28

1) Photoreceptor Cell
2) Bipolar Cell
3) Ganglion Cell
4) Optic Disc
5) Optic Nerve

Front 29

Which side of the brain do axons from the nasal retina project to

Back 29

The opposite side of the brain

Front 30

Which side of the brain do axons from the temporal retina project to

Back 30

The same side of the brain

Front 31

What results from damage to the optic chiasm

Back 31

Visual loss of the temporal half of each eye field

Front 32

What is myopia

Back 32

The condition that occurs if the eyeball is too long, or if the cornea or lens is optically too strong

Front 33

What structures are found in the middle ear

Back 33

1) Malleus, Incus, and Stapes
2) Tensor Tympani Muscle
3) Stapedius Muscle
4) Auditory Tube

Front 34

True or False

The Cochlea is a structure found in the middle ear

Back 34

False

Front 35

What structure contains perilymph

Back 35

Scala Vestibuli

Front 36

List the parts of the inner ear in the correct order in which vibrations travel through the cochlea when the stapes is vibrated

Back 36

1) Oval Window
2) Scala Vestibuli
3) Helicotrema
4) Scala Tympani
5) Round Window

Front 37

When pressure waves distort the 1) _____ membrane, hair cells that rest on it are moved relative to the 2) ______ membrane, which is stationary. As a result, hair cells become bent, resulting in depolarization

Back 37

1) Basilar
2) Tectorial

Front 38

What does high pitch sounds cause

Back 38

The displacement of the basilar membrane near the oval window

Front 39

Damage to sensory structures in the semicircular canals primarily affects the ability to detect

Back 39

Movement of the head in all directions

Front 40

What is the macula

Back 40

The specialized receptor structure found in the utricle and saccule

Front 41

What is the crista ampularis

Back 41

A specialized sensory epithelium found in the ampulla of each semicircular canal

Front 42

What are the effects of aging on the special senses

Back 42

1) A decreased sense of taste
2) A decreased flexibility of the lens of the eye
3) A decreased # of cone cells
4) A decreased # of hair cells in the cochlea

Front 43

What are the 4 major types of papillae

Back 43

1) Vallate
2) Fusiform
3) Foliate
4) Fungiform