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28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
adsorbent agents
drugs with the ability to adsorb gases, toxins, and bacteria
antacids
neutralize hydrochloric acid and raise gastric pH, thus inhibiting pepsin (a gastric enzyme)
antiemetic
drug that stops vomiting
bulk-forming laxatives
naturall or synthetic polysaccharide derivatives that absorb water to soften the stool and increase bulk to stimulate peristalsis
calcium carbonate
a substance that causes acid rebound, which may delay ulcer-related pain relief and ulcer healing
chemical digestion
the alteration of food into different forms through chemicals and enzymes
emetic
a drug that induces vomiting
emollient laxatives
substances that act as surfactants by allowing absorption of water into the stool`
helicobacter pylori
a bacterial species that is associated with several gastroduodenal diseases
histamine h2-receptor antagonists
drugs that block the action of histamine on parietal cells in the stomach, decreasing acid production
lubricant laxative
a substance, such as mineral oil, that works by increasing water retention in the stool to soften it
mechanical digestion
the breakdown of large food particles into smaller pieces by physical means
peptic ulcer
a lesion located in either the stomach (gastric ulcer) or in the duodenum (small intestine)
saline laxatives
substances that create an osmotic effect to increase water content and stool volume
stimulant laxatives
substances that stimulate bowel mobility and increase secretion of fluids in the bowel
stool softeners
substances that decrease the consistency of stool by reducing surface tension
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
peptic ulceration with gastric hypersecretion and tumor of the pancreatic islets
mouth
-mechanical breakdown of food
-begins digestion of carbohydrates
pharynx
connects mouth with esophagus
esophagus
pushes food to the stomach
stomach
-secretes acid and enzymes
-mixes food with secretions to begin enzymatic digestion of proteins
small intestine
-mixes food with bile and pancreatic juice
-final enzymatic breakdown of food molecules
-main site of nutrient absorption
large intestine
absorbs water and electrolytes to form feces
rectum
regulates elimination of feces
anus
-contains involuntary and voluntary sphincter muscles
-the anus opens to the outside
salivary glans
secretes sliva, which contains enzymes that initiate breakdown of carbohydrates
liver
-produces bile
-metabolizes foods
-detoxifies the body
-stores glycogen, iron, and vitamins A, D, and B12
gallbladder
stores bile and intorduces it into small intestine