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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What faith was strong in France at the time of the Reformation?
Catholic Faith
Huldrych Zwingli was the
Vicar(head) of cathedral in Zurich, Switzerland
Who influenced Huldrych Zwingli?
the writings of Erasmus and Luther
How did Zwingli die?
In battle between Catholics and Protestants
He tood over the Protestant Reformation work in Switzerland after Zwingli's death
John Calvin
John Calvin wrote
Institutes of the Christian Religion
John Calvin was a proponent of the belief known as
predestination
City were Calvinism became offical religion
Geneva, Switzerland
Geneva became a government ruled by Christian clergy claiming God's authority and this is known as a
theocracy
The belief that in the beginning God had decided who would be saved was called
predestination
The people chosen beforehand for salvation or predestined were called
"the elect"
Calvanist in France were called
Huguenots
Who considered the Huguenots a threat to national unity?
The Catholic French Monarchs
The Huguenots had to do what against the Catholics?
defended themselves in a series of bloody civil wars
What gave the Huguenots freedom of worship and some political rights?
King Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes
What areas were the Calvinist strongest?
Scotland
nothern Netherlands
parts of Germany
A form of Calvinism played a vital role in England and eventually North America called
Puritanism
The Catholic Reformation was known as
the Counter-Reformation
The Counter-Reformation clarified
the docrines of the church and pursued an aggressive campaign against Protestantism
Tatics of the Counter-Reformation were
Pope Paul III brought in the Inquisition practices-cruel punishmets-burn at stake
Index of Forbidden Books were established by Pope Paul IV
Who was influnced by Erasmus and others and began a deliberate policy of reviving SPIRIRUALITY to the Catholic Church?
Pope Paul III
Why did Pope Paul III summoned Church leaders to the Italian city of Trent ?
to define and communicate essential Catholic doctrines
The Council of Trent decided that
1)indulgences were banned
2)tightened discipline for clergy
3)reaffirmed Catholic beliefs and pracitices like eleborate ceremonies, sacraments, and the role of preists in forgiveness of sins, ect.
Pope Paul III appointed bishops and cardinals who were considered
spiritually devout men
very intelligent men
Why did Pope Paul III revive the medieval Inquisition to Rome?
to keep Catholics from becoming Prostestants
The Index of Forbiddien Books that Pope Paul III established forbade Catholics from
reading pro-Protestant books which lasted until 1966!!!!
The society of Jesus is known as the
Jesuits
Who founded the Jesuits?
Ignatius de Loyola-Spanish
How was the Jesuits organized?
Loyola, a soldier in the HRE war against the French organized them like a military organization
What 3 things were considered the most effective means of combating the Protestant movement?
strict obedience and discipline was required
EDUCATION most effective way
What 2 values did the Jesuits combine?
humanist with Catholic values
What book written by Loyola?
came in a vision called Spiritual Exercises
Jesuits believe salvation by
self-discipline
good deeds
Who were the most effective agents in spreding Catholicism and slowed protestantism in Poland, Germany, and France?
Jesuits
Four results of the "Reformations"
in Europe were
1)on and off religious wars
2)emergence of new Protestant churches
3)new interest in education and rise in literacy
4)decrease in the power of the Pope and increase power of the national governmernts